std::ranges::starts_with
来自cppreference.com
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| 在标头 <algorithm> 定义
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| 调用签名 |
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template< std::input_iterator I1, std::sentinel_for<I1> S1, std::input_iterator I2, std::sentinel_for<I2> S2, class Pred = ranges::equal_to, class Proj1 = std::identity, class Proj2 = std::identity > requires std::indirectly_comparable<I1, I2, Pred, Proj1, Proj2> constexpr bool starts_with( I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2, Pred pred = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {} ); |
(1) | (C++23 起) |
template< ranges::input_range R1, ranges::input_range R2, class Pred = ranges::equal_to, class Proj1 = std::identity, class Proj2 = std::identity > requires std::indirectly_comparable<ranges::iterator_t<R1>, ranges::iterator_t<R2>, Pred, Proj1, Proj2> constexpr bool starts_with( R1&& r1, R2&& r2, Pred pred = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {} ); |
(2) | (C++23 起) |
检查第二范围是否匹配第一范围的前缀。
1) 令
N1 与 N2 分别代表范围 [first1, last1) 与 [first2, last2) 的大小。若 N1 < N2 则返回 false。否则,当且仅当 [first2, last2) 范围中的每个元素均等于 [first1, first1 + N2) 中的对应元素才返回 true。通过应用二元谓词 pred 到分别由 proj1 与 proj2 投影的两个范围中的元素进行比较。2) 同 (1),但以
r1 与 r2 为源范围,如同以 ranges::begin(r1) 为 first1,以 ranges:begin(r2) 为 first2,以 ranges::end(r1) 为 last1,并以 ranges::end(r2) 为 last2。此页面上描述的函数式实体是算法函数对象(非正式地称为 niebloid),即:
参数
| first1, last1 | - | 要检验的元素范围的迭代器-哨位对 |
| r1 | - | 要检验的元素范围 |
| first2, last2 | - | 要用作前缀的元素范围的迭代器-哨位对 |
| r2 | - | 要用作前缀的元素范围 |
| pred | - | 比较投影后元素的二元谓词 |
| proj1 | - | 应用到要检验的元素范围的投影 |
| proj2 | - | 应用到要用作前缀的元素范围的投影 |
返回值
若第二范围匹配第一范围的前缀则为 true,否则为 false。
复杂度
线性:至多应用 min(N1, N2) 次谓词和两个投影。
可能的实现
struct starts_with_fn
{
template<std::input_iterator I1, std::sentinel_for<I1> S1,
std::input_iterator I2, std::sentinel_for<I2> S2,
class Pred = ranges::equal_to,
class Proj1 = std::identity, class Proj2 = std::identity>
requires std::indirectly_comparable<I1, I2, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
constexpr bool operator()(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2,
Pred pred = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {}) const
{
return ranges::mismatch(std::move(first1), last1, std::move(first2), last2,
std::move(pred), std::move(proj1), std::move(proj2)
).in2 == last2;
}
template<ranges::input_range R1, ranges::input_range R2,
class Pred = ranges::equal_to,
class Proj1 = std::identity, class Proj2 = std::identity>
requires std::indirectly_comparable<ranges::iterator_t<R1>,
ranges::iterator_t<R2>,
Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
constexpr bool operator()(R1&& r1, R2&& r2,
Pred pred = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {}) const
{
return (*this)(ranges::begin(r1), ranges::end(r1),
ranges::begin(r2), ranges::end(r2),
std::move(pred), std::move(proj1), std::move(proj2));
}
};
inline constexpr starts_with_fn starts_with {};
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注解
| 功能特性测试宏 | 值 | 标准 | 功能特性 |
|---|---|---|---|
__cpp_lib_ranges_starts_ends_with |
202106L |
(C++23) | std::ranges::starts_with, std::ranges::ends_with
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示例
运行此代码
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <ranges>
#include <string_view>
int main()
{
using namespace std::literals;
constexpr auto ascii_upper = [](char8_t c)
{
return u8'a' <= c && c <= u8'z' ? static_cast<char8_t>(c + u8'A' - u8'a') : c;
};
constexpr auto cmp_ignore_case = [=](char8_t x, char8_t y)
{
return ascii_upper(x) == ascii_upper(y);
};
static_assert(std::ranges::starts_with("const_cast", "const"sv));
static_assert(std::ranges::starts_with("constexpr", "const"sv));
static_assert(!std::ranges::starts_with("volatile", "const"sv));
std::cout << std::boolalpha
<< std::ranges::starts_with(u8"Constantinopolis", u8"constant"sv,
{}, ascii_upper, ascii_upper) << ' '
<< std::ranges::starts_with(u8"Istanbul", u8"constant"sv,
{}, ascii_upper, ascii_upper) << ' '
<< std::ranges::starts_with(u8"Metropolis", u8"metro"sv,
cmp_ignore_case) << ' '
<< std::ranges::starts_with(u8"Acropolis", u8"metro"sv,
cmp_ignore_case) << '\n';
constexpr static auto v = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 };
constexpr auto odd = [](int x) { return x % 2; };
static_assert(std::ranges::starts_with(v, std::views::iota(1)
| std::views::filter(odd)
| std::views::take(3)));
}
输出:
true false true false
参阅
(C++23) |
检查一个范围是否终于另一范围 (算法函数对象) |
(C++20) |
查找两个范围的首个不同之处 (算法函数对象) |
(C++20) |
检查字符串是否始于给定前缀 ( std::basic_string<CharT,Traits,Allocator> 的公开成员函数)
|
(C++20) |
检查字符串视图是否始于给定前缀 ( std::basic_string_view<CharT,Traits> 的公开成员函数)
|