I'm new to composer so forgive me if I'm just using it incorrectly.

I added your project to my composer.json like so:

{
    "require": {
        "jlogsdon/cli": "0.9.*"
    }
}

However I got errors like this:

PHP Fatal error:  Call to undefined function cli\line() in ~/dev/myproject/vendor/jlogsdon/cli/lib/cli/Table.php on line 115

The solution was for me to modify my composer.json to add cli.php:

{
    "require": {
        "jlogsdon/cli": "0.9.*"
    },
    "autoload": {
        "files": ["vendor/jlogsdon/cli/lib/cli/cli.php"]
    }
}

Since there aren't any classes in that file (and your composer.json is set to psr-0) I don't think it is finding the functions correctly.

I think the fix to this could be as simple as modifying your composer.json to look something like this:

{
    "autoload": {
        "psr-0": {"cli": "lib/"},
        "files": ["lib/cli/cli.php"]
    }
}