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The C Programming Language (K&R)

Working through the second edition by Kernighan & Ritchie.

Progress

Chapter 1: A Tutorial Introduction

Example Programs

  • 1.1 Getting Started - kr/ch1/hello_world.c
  • 1.2 Variables and Arithmetic - kr/ch1/fahr_celsius.c
  • 1.3 The For Statement - kr/ch1/fahr_celsius_for.c
  • 1.4 Symbolic Constants - kr/ch1/fahr_celsius_symbolic.c
  • 1.5.1 File Copying - kr/ch1/file_copy.c
  • 1.5.2 Character Counting - kr/ch1/char_count.c
  • 1.5.3 Line Counting - kr/ch1/line_count.c
  • 1.5.4 Word Counting - kr/ch1/word_count.c
  • 1.6 Arrays - kr/ch1/digit_count.c
  • 1.7 Functions - kr/ch1/power_function.c
  • 1.8 Arguments - Call by Value - kr/ch1/power_function_v2.c
  • 1.9 Character Arrays - kr/ch1/longest_line.c
  • 1.10 External Variables and Scope - kr/ch1/longest_line_external.c

Exercises

  • 1-1: Run hello world, experiment with leaving out parts - kr/ch1/ex1-1.c
  • 1-2: Experiment with \c escape sequences - kr/ch1/ex1-2.c
  • 1-3: Modify temperature conversion to print heading - kr/ch1/ex1-3.c
  • 1-4: Write Celsius to Fahrenheit conversion - kr/ch1/ex1-4.c
  • 1-5: Reverse temperature table (300 to 0) - kr/ch1/ex1-5.c
  • 1-6: Verify getchar() != EOF is 0 or 1 - kr/ch1/ex1-6.c
  • 1-7: Print value of EOF - kr/ch1/ex1-7.c
  • 1-8: Count blanks, tabs, and newlines - kr/ch1/ex1-8.c
  • 1-9: Copy input to output, replace multiple blanks with single blank - kr/ch1/ex1-9.c
  • 1-10: Copy input to output, make tabs/backspaces/backslashes visible - kr/ch1/ex1-10.c
  • 1-11: Test word counting program - kr/ch1/ex1-11.c
  • 1-12: Print input one word per line - kr/ch1/ex1-12.c
  • 1-13: Print histogram of word lengths (horizontal) - kr/ch1/ex1-13.c
  • 1-14: Print histogram of character frequencies - kr/ch1/ex1-14.c
  • 1-15: Rewrite temperature conversion with function - kr/ch1/ex1-15.c
  • 1-16: Revise longest_line.c to handle arbitrarily long lines - kr/ch1/ex1-16.c
  • 1-17: Print lines longer than 80 characters - kr/ch1/ex1-17.c
  • 1-18: Remove trailing blanks and tabs, delete blank lines - kr/ch1/ex1-18.c
  • 1-19: Write reverse(s) function to reverse string s - kr/ch1/ex1-19.c
  • 1-20: Write detab to replace tabs with spaces - kr/ch1/ex1-20.c
  • 1-21: Write entab to replace spaces with tabs - kr/ch1/ex1-21.c
  • 1-22: Fold long input lines (break before column n) - kr/ch1/ex1-22.c
  • 1-23: Remove all comments from C program - kr/ch1/ex1-23.c
  • 1-24: Check C program for rudimentary syntax errors - kr/ch1/ex1-24.c
Chapter 2: Types, Operators, and Expressions

Example Programs

  • 2.1 Variable Names
  • 2.2 Data Types and Sizes
  • 2.3 Constants
  • 2.7 Type Conversions - kr/ch2/lower.c
  • 2.8 Increment/Decrement - kr/ch2/squeeze.c
  • 2.8 Bitwise Operators - kr/ch2/getbits.c
  • 2.9 Assignment Operators - kr/ch2/bitcount.c

Exercises

  • 2-1: Determine ranges of char, short, int, long - kr/ch2/ex2-1.c
  • 2-2: Write loop equivalent to for without && or || - kr/ch2/ex2-2.c
  • 2-3: Write htoi(s) to convert hex string to integer - kr/ch2/ex2-3.c
  • 2-4: Write squeeze(s1,s2) to delete chars in s2 from s1 - kr/ch2/ex2-4.c
  • 2-5: Write any(s1,s2) to return first location in s1 of any char from s2 - kr/ch2/ex2-5.c
  • 2-6: Write setbits(x,p,n,y) to set n bits of x at position p to bits from y - kr/ch2/ex2-6.c
  • 2-7: Write invert(x,p,n) to invert n bits of x starting at position p - kr/ch2/ex2-7.c
  • 2-8: Write rightrot(x,n) to rotate x right by n bit positions - kr/ch2/ex2-8.c
  • 2-9: Explain x &= (x-1) deletes rightmost 1-bit in x - kr/ch2/ex2-9.c
  • 2-10: Rewrite lower(c) with conditional expression instead of if-else - kr/ch2/ex2-10.c
Chapter 3: Control Flow

Example Programs

  • 3.3 Binary Search - kr/ch3/binsearch.c
  • 3.5 Shell Sort - kr/ch3/shellsort.c
  • 3.6 Reverse - kr/ch3/reverse.c
  • 3.6 itoa - kr/ch3/itoa.c
  • 3.6 atoi - kr/ch3/atoi.c
  • 3.7 trim - kr/ch3/trim.c

Exercises

  • 3-1: Modify binsearch with only one test inside the loop - kr/ch3/ex3-1.c
  • 3-2: Write escape(s,t) to convert newline/tab to visible escapes - kr/ch3/ex3-2.c
  • 3-3: Expand expand(s1,s2) to handle ranges like a-z - kr/ch3/ex3-3.c
  • 3-4: Handle largest negative number in itoa - kr/ch3/ex3-4.c
  • 3-5: Write itob(n,s,b) to convert n to base b representation - kr/ch3/ex3-5.c
  • 3-6: Modify itoa to accept width parameter for padding - kr/ch3/ex3-6.c
Chapter 4: Functions and Program Structure

Example Programs

  • 4.1 Pattern Searching - kr/ch4/grep.c
  • 4.2 atof - kr/ch4/atof.c
  • 4.3 Reverse Polish Calculator - kr/ch4/calc/
  • 4.11 Recursive quicksort - kr/ch4/qsort.c

Exercises

  • 4-1: Write strrindex(s,t) to return rightmost position of t in s - kr/ch4/ex4-1.c
  • 4-2: Extend atof to handle scientific notation - kr/ch4/ex4-2.c
  • 4-3: Extend calculator to handle modulus and negative numbers - kr/ch4/ex4-3.c
  • 4-4: Add commands to print top, duplicate, swap, clear stack - kr/ch4/ex4-4.c
  • 4-5: Add access to math library functions (sin, cos, exp, pow) - kr/ch4/ex4-5.c
  • 4-6: Add commands for variables - kr/ch4/ex4-6.c
  • 4-7: Write ungets(s) to push back entire string - kr/ch4/ex4-7.c
  • 4-8: Modify getch/ungetch to handle at most one character of pushback - kr/ch4/ex4-8.c
  • 4-9: Modify getch/ungetch to handle EOF - kr/ch4/ex4-9.c
  • 4-10: Use getline instead of getch/ungetch for calculator - kr/ch4/ex4-10.c
  • 4-11: Modify getop to not use ungetch - kr/ch4/ex4-11.c
  • 4-12: Adapt printd to print integer recursively - kr/ch4/ex4-12.c
  • 4-13: Write recursive reverse(s) - kr/ch4/ex4-13.c
  • 4-14: Define macro swap(t,x,y) to swap two arguments - kr/ch4/ex4-14.c
Chapter 5: Pointers and Arrays

Example Programs

  • 5.2 getint - kr/ch5/getint.c
  • 5.4 alloc/afree - kr/ch5/alloc.c
  • 5.5 strcpy - kr/ch5/strcpy.c
  • 5.5 strcmp - kr/ch5/strcmp.c
  • 5.6 Pointer array sort - kr/ch5/sort_lines.c
  • 5.7 qsort with function pointers - kr/ch5/qsort_lines.c
  • 5.10 expr (command-line calculator) - kr/ch5/expr.c
  • 5.11 detab/entab - kr/ch5/detab.c
  • 5.12 dcl (C declarations) - kr/ch5/dcl.c

Exercises

  • 5-1: Fix getint to handle +/- not followed by digit - kr/ch5/ex5-1.c
  • 5-2: Write getfloat analog of getint - kr/ch5/ex5-2.c
  • 5-3: Write pointer version of strcat - kr/ch5/ex5-3.c
  • 5-4: Write strend(s,t) returns 1 if t occurs at end of s - kr/ch5/ex5-4.c
  • 5-5: Write pointer versions of strncpy, strncat, strncmp - kr/ch5/ex5-5.c
  • 5-6: Rewrite earlier programs using pointers - kr/ch5/ex5-6.c
  • 5-7: Rewrite readlines to store lines in array supplied by main - kr/ch5/ex5-7.c
  • 5-8: Implement error checking in day_of_year and month_day - kr/ch5/ex5-8.c
  • 5-9: Rewrite day_of_year and month_day with pointers - kr/ch5/ex5-9.c
  • 5-10: Write expr for reverse Polish expressions from command line - kr/ch5/ex5-10.c
  • 5-11: Modify detab/entab to accept list of tab stops - kr/ch5/ex5-11.c
  • 5-12: Extend entab/detab to accept -m +n for columns m to n - kr/ch5/ex5-12.c
  • 5-13: Write tail to print last n lines (default 10) - kr/ch5/ex5-13.c
  • 5-14: Modify sort to handle -r reverse sort - kr/ch5/ex5-14.c
  • 5-15: Add -f fold upper/lower case, -d directory order - kr/ch5/ex5-15.c
  • 5-16: Add -d (directory order) option - kr/ch5/ex5-16.c
  • 5-17: Add field handling to sort - kr/ch5/ex5-17.c
  • 5-18: Make dcl handle errors - kr/ch5/ex5-18.c
  • 5-19: Modify undcl to handle errors - kr/ch5/ex5-19.c
  • 5-20: Expand dcl to handle declarations with function argument types - kr/ch5/ex5-20.c
Chapter 6: Structures

Example Programs

  • 6.1 Point structures - kr/ch6/point.c
  • 6.2 makepoint/addpoint - kr/ch6/point_ops.c
  • 6.3 Rectangle operations - kr/ch6/rect.c
  • 6.5 Word frequency counter - kr/ch6/wordfreq.c
  • 6.6 Table lookup - kr/ch6/table.c

Exercises

  • 6-1: Modify getword to handle underscores, strings, comments, preprocessor - kr/ch6/ex6-1.c
  • 6-2: Write program to print variables in groups (first 6 chars determine group) - kr/ch6/ex6-2.c
  • 6-3: Write cross-referencer that prints line numbers where each word occurs - kr/ch6/ex6-3.c
  • 6-4: Write program to print distinct words with occurrence counts - kr/ch6/ex6-4.c
  • 6-5: Write undef to remove name and definition from table - kr/ch6/ex6-5.c
  • 6-6: Implement simple #define processor - kr/ch6/ex6-6.c
Chapter 7: Input and Output

Example Programs

  • 7.1 Lower case conversion - kr/ch7/lower.c
  • 7.2 cat - kr/ch7/cat.c
  • 7.4 minprintf - kr/ch7/minprintf.c
  • 7.6 File comparison - kr/ch7/filecomp.c
  • 7.8.5 Storage allocator - kr/ch7/malloc.c

Exercises

  • 7-1: Modify case conversion to handle upper/lower based on program name - kr/ch7/ex7-1.c
  • 7-2: Print arbitrary input sensibly (hex for non-graphic chars) - kr/ch7/ex7-2.c
  • 7-3: Revise minprintf to handle more printf facilities - kr/ch7/ex7-3.c
  • 7-4: Write minscanf analog of minprintf - kr/ch7/ex7-4.c
  • 7-5: Postfix calculator using scanf/printf - kr/ch7/ex7-5.c
  • 7-6: Compare two files, print first line where they differ - kr/ch7/ex7-6.c
  • 7-7: Modify pattern finding program to take input from files or stdin - kr/ch7/ex7-7.c
  • 7-8: Print file contents with page breaks, headers, page numbers - kr/ch7/ex7-8.c
  • 7-9: Rewrite fsize using standard library instead of syscalls - kr/ch7/ex7-9.c
Chapter 8: The UNIX System Interface

Example Programs

  • 8.2 getchar/putchar - kr/ch8/getchar.c
  • 8.3 open, creat, close, unlink - kr/ch8/fileops.c
  • 8.5 fsize - kr/ch8/fsize.c
  • 8.6 malloc - kr/ch8/malloc.c

Exercises

  • 8-1: Rewrite cat from Chapter 7 using syscalls - kr/ch8/ex8-1.c
  • 8-2: Rewrite fopen/fillbuf with bit fields instead of explicit bit operations - kr/ch8/ex8-2.c
  • 8-3: Design/implement _flushbuf, fflush, fclose - kr/ch8/ex8-3.c
  • 8-4: Implement library version of fseek - kr/ch8/ex8-4.c
  • 8-5: Modify fsize to print i-node information - kr/ch8/ex8-5.c
  • 8-6: Implement standard library calloc and free - kr/ch8/ex8-6.c
  • 8-7: Write malloc that checks for errors (orphaned blocks, valid pointers, etc.) - kr/ch8/ex8-7.c
  • 8-8: Write bfree(p,n) to free arbitrary block of n characters - kr/ch8/ex8-8.c

Repository Structure: kr/ch{N}/ - One directory per chapter

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