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#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Helper script to split test into n buckets."""
import argparse
from collections.abc import Iterator
from concurrent.futures import ProcessPoolExecutor
from contextlib import suppress
from dataclasses import dataclass, field, replace
import hashlib
import json
from math import ceil
from operator import attrgetter, itemgetter
import os
from pathlib import Path
import subprocess
import sys
from typing import Final
# tests/components has ~1000 sub-directories, which makes it the natural
# place to subdivide to keep each pytest invocation roughly equal in size.
_FAN_OUT_DIRS: Final = frozenset({"components"})
# Cache file format version; bump on any incompatible schema change so old
# caches are ignored rather than misread.
_CACHE_VERSION: Final = 1
# Fall back from file-level to directory-level pytest collection when
# misses make up more than this fraction of the tree; past that point
# the per-file argv overhead pytest pays outweighs the cost of letting
# it re-walk dirs and re-collect the hits.
_DIR_LEVEL_MISS_RATIO: Final = 0.3
class Bucket:
"""Class to hold bucket."""
def __init__(self) -> None:
"""Initialize bucket."""
self.total_tests = 0
self._paths: list[str] = []
def add(self, part: TestFolder | TestFile) -> None:
"""Add tests to bucket."""
part.add_to_bucket()
self.total_tests += part.total_tests
self._paths.append(str(part.path))
def get_paths_line(self) -> str:
"""Return paths."""
return " ".join(self._paths) + "\n"
class BucketHolder:
"""Class to hold buckets."""
def __init__(self, tests_per_bucket: int, bucket_count: int) -> None:
"""Initialize bucket holder."""
self._tests_per_bucket = tests_per_bucket
self._bucket_count = bucket_count
self._buckets: list[Bucket] = [Bucket() for _ in range(bucket_count)]
def split_tests(self, test_folder: TestFolder) -> None:
"""Place atomic units via best-fit; oversized ones go to the smallest bucket."""
digits = len(str(test_folder.total_tests))
by_load = attrgetter("total_tests")
units = sorted(self._atomic_units(test_folder), key=itemgetter(0), reverse=True)
for size, items in units:
fits = [
b
for b in self._buckets
if b.total_tests + size <= self._tests_per_bucket
]
bucket = max(fits, key=by_load) if fits else min(self._buckets, key=by_load)
for item in items:
tag = " (same bucket)" if item is not items[0] else ""
print(f"{item.total_tests:>{digits}} tests in {item.path}{tag}")
bucket.add(item)
if not test_folder.added_to_bucket:
raise ValueError("Not all tests are added to a bucket")
def _atomic_units(
self, folder: TestFolder
) -> Iterator[tuple[int, list[TestFolder | TestFile]]]:
"""Yield ``(size, items)`` placement units.
A folder that fits is one unit; otherwise same-dir files form
a unit only when the folder has syrupy snapshots, else each
file stands alone. Sub-folders recurse independently.
"""
if folder.total_tests <= self._tests_per_bucket:
yield folder.total_tests, [folder]
return
sibling_files = [c for c in folder.children.values() if isinstance(c, TestFile)]
if sibling_files:
if _has_snapshots(folder.path):
yield (
sum(f.total_tests for f in sibling_files),
list(sibling_files),
)
else:
for file in sibling_files:
yield file.total_tests, [file]
for child in folder.children.values():
if isinstance(child, TestFolder):
yield from self._atomic_units(child)
def create_output_file(self) -> None:
"""Create output file."""
with Path("pytest_buckets.txt").open("w", encoding="utf-8") as file:
for idx, bucket in enumerate(self._buckets):
print(f"Bucket {idx + 1} has {bucket.total_tests} tests")
file.write(bucket.get_paths_line())
@dataclass
class TestFile:
"""Class represents a single test file and the number of tests it has."""
total_tests: int
path: Path
added_to_bucket: bool = field(default=False, init=False)
parent: TestFolder | None = field(default=None, init=False)
def add_to_bucket(self) -> None:
"""Add test file to bucket."""
if self.added_to_bucket:
raise ValueError("Already added to bucket")
self.added_to_bucket = True
def __gt__(self, other: TestFile) -> bool:
"""Return if greater than."""
return self.total_tests > other.total_tests
class TestFolder:
"""Class to hold a folder with test files and folders."""
def __init__(self, path: Path) -> None:
"""Initialize test folder."""
self.path: Final = path
self.children: dict[Path, TestFolder | TestFile] = {}
@property
def total_tests(self) -> int:
"""Return total tests."""
return sum([test.total_tests for test in self.children.values()])
@property
def added_to_bucket(self) -> bool:
"""Return if added to bucket."""
return all(test.added_to_bucket for test in self.children.values())
def add_to_bucket(self) -> None:
"""Add test file to bucket."""
if self.added_to_bucket:
raise ValueError("Already added to bucket")
for child in self.children.values():
child.add_to_bucket()
def __repr__(self) -> str:
"""Return representation."""
return (
f"TestFolder(total_tests={self.total_tests}, children={len(self.children)})"
)
def add_test_file(self, file: TestFile) -> None:
"""Add test file to folder."""
path = file.path
file.parent = self
relative_path = path.relative_to(self.path)
if not relative_path.parts:
raise ValueError("Path is not a child of this folder")
if len(relative_path.parts) == 1:
self.children[path] = file
return
child_path = self.path / relative_path.parts[0]
if (child := self.children.get(child_path)) is None:
self.children[child_path] = child = TestFolder(child_path)
elif not isinstance(child, TestFolder):
raise ValueError("Child is not a folder")
child.add_test_file(file)
def get_all_flatten(self) -> list[TestFolder | TestFile]:
"""Return self and all children as flatten list."""
result: list[TestFolder | TestFile] = [self]
for child in self.children.values():
if isinstance(child, TestFolder):
result.extend(child.get_all_flatten())
else:
result.append(child)
return result
def _has_snapshots(folder_path: Path) -> bool:
"""Return True when ``folder_path/snapshots`` holds ``.ambr`` files.
Same-dir tests must share a pytest run so syrupy can spot unused
snapshots; without snapshots that constraint doesn't apply.
"""
return any((folder_path / "snapshots").glob("*.ambr"))
def _collect_batch(paths: list[Path]) -> tuple[str, str, int]:
"""Run pytest --collect-only on a batch of paths."""
result = subprocess.run(
["pytest", "--collect-only", "-qq", "-p", "no:warnings", *map(str, paths)],
check=False,
capture_output=True,
text=True,
)
return result.stdout, result.stderr, result.returncode
def _iter_eligible_children(path: Path) -> list[Path]:
"""Return immediate children of ``path`` that pytest should collect.
Filters out hidden/dunder entries, non-``test_*.py`` files (so helper
modules like ``conftest.py`` and ``common.py`` are not passed as
explicit collection targets), and pycache-style directories.
"""
children: list[Path] = []
for entry in sorted(path.iterdir()):
if entry.name.startswith((".", "_")):
continue
if entry.is_dir() or (entry.suffix == ".py" and entry.name.startswith("test_")):
children.append(entry)
return children
def _enumerate_batch_paths(path: Path) -> list[Path]:
"""Return the child paths to run pytest --collect-only over.
Files are returned as-is. Directories are expanded one level deep, with
a second level of expansion for entries named in ``_FAN_OUT_DIRS`` so the
enormous ``tests/components`` tree fans out into per-integration paths.
"""
if path.is_file():
return [path]
paths: list[Path] = []
for entry in _iter_eligible_children(path):
if entry.is_dir() and entry.name in _FAN_OUT_DIRS:
paths.extend(_iter_eligible_children(entry))
else:
paths.append(entry)
return paths
def _hash_file(path: Path) -> str:
"""Return a short content hash for ``path``."""
return hashlib.sha256(path.read_bytes()).hexdigest()[:16]
def _walk_test_tree(root: Path) -> tuple[list[Path], list[Path]]:
"""Walk ``root`` once and return (test files, fixture files).
Fixtures are every non-``test_*.py`` ``.py``: conftests and helpers
like ``common.py`` that drive parametrize imports. Uses ``os.walk``
(~2x faster than ``Path.rglob`` on this tree) and prunes ``.``/``_``
subdirs.
"""
test_files: list[Path] = []
fixtures: list[Path] = []
for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(root):
dirnames[:] = [d for d in dirnames if not d.startswith((".", "_"))]
base = Path(dirpath)
for name in filenames:
if not name.endswith(".py"):
continue
if name.startswith("test_"):
test_files.append(base / name)
else:
fixtures.append(base / name)
test_files.sort()
fixtures.sort()
return test_files, fixtures
_PROJECT_ROOT_MARKER: Final = "pyproject.toml"
def _find_ancestor_fixtures(root: Path) -> list[Path]:
"""Return non-``test_*.py`` Python files above ``root``, up to the project root.
Includes conftests and helper modules (eg ``common.py``); subtree
runs need both so shared ancestor helpers like
``tests/components/common.py`` still invalidate descendants.
Stops at the first ancestor containing ``pyproject.toml`` so we
don't read unrelated ``.py`` files outside the repo or trip on
dirs we can't list.
"""
fixtures: list[Path] = []
current = root.resolve().parent
while True:
with suppress(OSError):
fixtures.extend(
entry
for entry in current.glob("*.py")
if not entry.name.startswith("test_")
)
if (current / _PROJECT_ROOT_MARKER).exists():
break
if current == current.parent:
break
current = current.parent
return fixtures
def _build_fixtures_by_dir(
root: Path, descendants: list[Path]
) -> dict[Path, list[Path]]:
"""Bucket descendants plus ancestor fixtures by resolved parent dir."""
by_dir: dict[Path, list[Path]] = {}
for fixture in (*_find_ancestor_fixtures(root), *descendants):
by_dir.setdefault(fixture.parent.resolve(), []).append(fixture)
return by_dir
def _file_fixture_hash(
test_file: Path,
root: Path,
fixtures_by_dir: dict[Path, list[Path]],
blob_cache: dict[Path, bytes] | None = None,
dir_cache: dict[Path, str] | None = None,
) -> str:
"""Hash every ``.py`` fixture on the test file's ancestor path.
Catches conftests and helper modules (``common.py`` etc.) at any
level so parametrize imports from shared helpers invalidate
descendants, while sibling subtrees stay warm. Pass shared
``blob_cache``/``dir_cache`` dicts to memoize across many files.
"""
test_dir = test_file.parent.resolve()
if dir_cache is not None and (cached := dir_cache.get(test_dir)) is not None:
return cached
relevant: list[Path] = []
current = test_dir
while True:
relevant.extend(fixtures_by_dir.get(current, ()))
parent = current.parent
if parent == current:
break
current = parent
relevant.sort()
digest = hashlib.sha256()
for fixture in relevant:
blob = blob_cache.get(fixture) if blob_cache is not None else None
if blob is None:
# relpath keeps the hash machine-stable across ancestor paths.
blob = (
os.path.relpath(fixture, root).encode()
+ b"\0"
+ fixture.read_bytes()
+ b"\0"
)
if blob_cache is not None:
blob_cache[fixture] = blob
digest.update(blob)
result = digest.hexdigest()[:16]
if dir_cache is not None:
dir_cache[test_dir] = result
return result
@dataclass
class _CacheEntry:
"""Cached test count plus its scope hash for a single file."""
hash: str
fixture_hash: str
count: int
@dataclass
class _Cache:
"""Mapping of test file path → cached entry."""
entries: dict[str, _CacheEntry]
@classmethod
def load(cls, path: Path) -> _Cache:
"""Load cache; any drift (missing, bad, version, malformed) returns empty."""
try:
raw = json.loads(path.read_bytes())
except OSError, ValueError:
raw = None
if not (
isinstance(raw, dict)
and raw.get("version") == _CACHE_VERSION
and isinstance(raw.get("files"), dict)
):
return cls(entries={})
entries: dict[str, _CacheEntry] = {}
for key, value in raw["files"].items():
if not isinstance(value, dict):
continue
hash_value = value.get("hash")
fixture_hash = value.get("fixture_hash")
count = value.get("count")
if (
not isinstance(hash_value, str)
or not isinstance(fixture_hash, str)
or not isinstance(count, int)
or count < 0
):
continue
entries[key] = _CacheEntry(
hash=hash_value, fixture_hash=fixture_hash, count=count
)
return cls(entries=entries)
def save(self, path: Path) -> None:
"""Write the cache to ``path``, creating parent dirs as needed."""
path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
path.write_text(
json.dumps(
{
"version": _CACHE_VERSION,
"files": {
key: {
"hash": entry.hash,
"fixture_hash": entry.fixture_hash,
"count": entry.count,
}
for key, entry in sorted(self.entries.items())
},
},
indent=2,
ensure_ascii=False,
)
+ "\n",
encoding="utf-8",
)
def _resolve_entries(
test_files: list[Path],
cache: _Cache,
root: Path,
fixtures_by_dir: dict[Path, list[Path]],
) -> tuple[dict[Path, _CacheEntry], list[Path]]:
"""Build an entry for every file; return ``(entries, misses)``.
Hits reuse the stored entry; misses get fresh hashes with a
count=0 placeholder for the caller to fill in after pytest runs.
Shared caches memoize fixture blobs and per-dir hashes so each
fixture file is read once and each unique dir hashed once.
"""
blob_cache: dict[Path, bytes] = {}
dir_cache: dict[Path, str] = {}
entries: dict[Path, _CacheEntry] = {}
misses: list[Path] = []
for file in test_files:
file_hash = _hash_file(file)
fixture_hash = _file_fixture_hash(
file, root, fixtures_by_dir, blob_cache, dir_cache
)
cached = cache.entries.get(str(file.relative_to(root)))
if (
cached is not None
and cached.hash == file_hash
and cached.fixture_hash == fixture_hash
):
entries[file] = cached
else:
entries[file] = _CacheEntry(
hash=file_hash, fixture_hash=fixture_hash, count=0
)
misses.append(file)
return entries, misses
def _run_collect_batches(paths: list[Path]) -> list[tuple[str, str, int]]:
"""Run pytest --collect-only across ``paths`` using a process pool."""
workers = min(len(paths), os.cpu_count() or 1) or 1
batches = [paths[i::workers] for i in range(workers)]
if workers == 1:
return [_collect_batch(batches[0])]
with ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=workers) as executor:
return list(executor.map(_collect_batch, batches))
def _parse_collect_output(stdout: str) -> dict[Path, int]:
"""Parse ``pytest --collect-only -qq`` output into ``{path: count}``."""
counts: dict[Path, int] = {}
for line in stdout.splitlines():
if not line.strip():
continue
file_path, _, total_tests = line.partition(": ")
if not file_path or not total_tests:
raise ValueError(f"Unexpected line: {line}")
counts[Path(file_path)] = int(total_tests)
return counts
def _run_pytest_collect(paths: list[Path]) -> dict[Path, int]:
"""Run pytest --collect-only across ``paths`` and parse the output."""
counts: dict[Path, int] = {}
for stdout, stderr, returncode in _run_collect_batches(paths):
if returncode != 0:
print("Failed to collect tests:")
print(stderr)
print(stdout)
sys.exit(1)
# Surface stderr from successful runs too; pytest puts deprecation
# and import warnings here that would otherwise vanish.
if stderr.strip():
sys.stderr.write(stderr)
try:
counts.update(_parse_collect_output(stdout))
except ValueError as err:
print(err)
sys.exit(1)
return counts
def _build_folder(root: Path, counts: dict[Path, int]) -> TestFolder:
"""Build a ``TestFolder`` from ``{path: count}``; zero-count files are skipped."""
folder = TestFolder(root)
for file_path, count in counts.items():
if count:
folder.add_test_file(TestFile(count, file_path))
return folder
def _exit_if_empty(paths: list[Path], root: Path) -> None:
"""Exit with a clear message when no eligible test paths were found."""
if not paths:
print(f"No eligible test paths found under {root}")
sys.exit(1)
def _collect_tests_uncached(path: Path) -> TestFolder:
"""Hand pytest the top-level dirs; the pre-cache path when ``--cache`` is unset."""
batch_paths = _enumerate_batch_paths(path)
_exit_if_empty(batch_paths, path)
return _build_folder(path, _run_pytest_collect(batch_paths))
def _collect_tests_cached(path: Path, cache_path: Path) -> TestFolder:
"""Collect tests using an on-disk cache for incremental updates."""
all_test_files, fixtures = _walk_test_tree(path)
_exit_if_empty(all_test_files, path)
fixtures_by_dir = _build_fixtures_by_dir(path, fixtures)
cache = _Cache.load(cache_path)
entries, misses = _resolve_entries(all_test_files, cache, path, fixtures_by_dir)
hits = len(all_test_files) - len(misses)
print(f"Cache: {hits} hits / {len(misses)} misses / {len(all_test_files)} total")
if misses:
# Past _DIR_LEVEL_MISS_RATIO the per-file argv overhead beats
# re-walking the dirs, so fall back to dir-level collection.
if not hits or len(misses) > len(all_test_files) * _DIR_LEVEL_MISS_RATIO:
collect_paths = _enumerate_batch_paths(path)
else:
collect_paths = misses
new_counts = _run_pytest_collect(collect_paths)
# Files pytest returned no count for stay at 0; cached so they
# aren't re-collected next run.
for file in misses:
entries[file] = replace(entries[file], count=new_counts.get(file, 0))
_Cache(entries={str(f.relative_to(path)): e for f, e in entries.items()}).save(
cache_path
)
return _build_folder(path, {f: e.count for f, e in entries.items()})
def collect_tests(path: Path, cache_path: Path | None = None) -> TestFolder:
"""Collect all tests, using an on-disk cache when ``cache_path`` is set."""
if path.is_file():
# TestFolder requires a directory root; a single file has no
# parent to anchor against and CI never invokes us this way.
print(f"Expected a directory, got file: {path}")
sys.exit(1)
if cache_path is None:
return _collect_tests_uncached(path)
return _collect_tests_cached(path, cache_path)
def main() -> None:
"""Execute script."""
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Split tests into n buckets.")
def check_greater_0(value: str) -> int:
ivalue = int(value)
if ivalue <= 0:
raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(
f"{value} is an invalid. Must be greater than 0"
)
return ivalue
parser.add_argument(
"bucket_count",
help="Number of buckets to split tests into",
type=check_greater_0,
)
parser.add_argument(
"path",
help="Path to the test files to split into buckets",
type=Path,
)
parser.add_argument(
"--cache",
help="Path to a JSON file used to cache per-file test counts",
type=Path,
default=None,
)
arguments = parser.parse_args()
print("Collecting tests...")
tests = collect_tests(arguments.path, arguments.cache)
tests_per_bucket = ceil(tests.total_tests / arguments.bucket_count)
bucket_holder = BucketHolder(tests_per_bucket, arguments.bucket_count)
print("Splitting tests...")
bucket_holder.split_tests(tests)
print(f"Total tests: {tests.total_tests}")
print(f"Estimated tests per bucket: {tests_per_bucket}")
bucket_holder.create_output_file()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()