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use std::{fs::File, io::Write, path::Path};
use askama::Template;
use dyn_clone::DynClone;
use erased_serde::Serialize as ErasedSerialize;
use rand::{
distributions::{Alphanumeric, DistString},
thread_rng,
};
use serde::Serialize;
use crate::{Configuration, Layout};
#[derive(Template)]
#[template(path = "plot.html", escape = "none")]
struct PlotTemplate<'a> {
plot: &'a Plot,
remote_plotly_js: bool,
}
#[derive(Template)]
#[template(path = "static_plot.html", escape = "none")]
struct StaticPlotTemplate<'a> {
plot: &'a Plot,
format: ImageFormat,
remote_plotly_js: bool,
width: usize,
height: usize,
}
#[derive(Template)]
#[template(path = "inline_plot.html", escape = "none")]
struct InlinePlotTemplate<'a> {
plot: &'a Plot,
plot_div_id: &'a str,
}
#[derive(Template)]
#[template(path = "jupyter_notebook_plot.html", escape = "none")]
struct JupyterNotebookPlotTemplate<'a> {
plot: &'a Plot,
plot_div_id: &'a str,
}
#[cfg(not(target_family = "wasm"))]
const DEFAULT_HTML_APP_NOT_FOUND: &str = r#"Could not find default application for HTML files.
Consider using the `to_html` method obtain a string representation instead. If using the `kaleido` feature the
`write_image` method can be used to produce a static image in one of the following formats:
- ImageFormat::PNG
- ImageFormat::JPEG
- ImageFormat::WEBP
- ImageFormat::SVG
- ImageFormat::PDF
- ImageFormat::EPS
Used as follows:
let plot = Plot::new();
...
let width = 1024;
let height = 680;
let scale = 1.0;
plot.write_image("filename", ImageFormat::PNG, width, height, scale);
See https://igiagkiozis.github.io/plotly/content/getting_started.html for further details.
"#;
/// Image format for static image export.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub enum ImageFormat {
PNG,
JPEG,
WEBP,
SVG,
PDF,
EPS,
}
impl std::fmt::Display for ImageFormat {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
write!(
f,
"{}",
match self {
Self::PNG => "png",
Self::JPEG => "jpeg",
Self::WEBP => "webp",
Self::SVG => "svg",
Self::PDF => "pdf",
Self::EPS => "eps",
}
)
}
}
/// A struct that implements `Trace` can be serialized to json format that is
/// understood by Plotly.js.
pub trait Trace: DynClone + ErasedSerialize {
fn to_json(&self) -> String;
}
dyn_clone::clone_trait_object!(Trace);
erased_serde::serialize_trait_object!(Trace);
#[derive(Default, Serialize, Clone)]
#[serde(transparent)]
pub struct Traces {
traces: Vec<Box<dyn Trace>>,
}
impl Traces {
pub fn new() -> Self {
Self {
traces: Vec::with_capacity(1),
}
}
pub fn push(&mut self, trace: Box<dyn Trace>) {
self.traces.push(trace)
}
pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
self.traces.len()
}
pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
self.traces.is_empty()
}
pub fn iter(&self) -> std::slice::Iter<'_, Box<dyn Trace>> {
self.traces.iter()
}
pub fn to_json(&self) -> String {
serde_json::to_string(self).unwrap()
}
}
/// Plot is a container for structs that implement the `Trace` trait. Optionally
/// a `Layout` can also be specified. Its function is to serialize `Trace`s and
/// the `Layout` in html format and display and/or persist the resulting plot.
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```rust
/// use plotly::common::Mode;
/// use plotly::{Layout, Plot, Scatter};
///
/// fn line_and_scatter_plot() {
/// let trace1 = Scatter::new(vec![1, 2, 3, 4], vec![10, 15, 13, 17])
/// .name("trace1")
/// .mode(Mode::Markers);
/// let trace2 = Scatter::new(vec![2, 3, 4, 5], vec![16, 5, 11, 9])
/// .name("trace2")
/// .mode(Mode::Lines);
/// let trace3 = Scatter::new(vec![1, 2, 3, 4], vec![12, 9, 15, 12])
/// .name("trace3");
///
/// let mut plot = Plot::new();
/// plot.add_trace(trace1);
/// plot.add_trace(trace2);
/// plot.add_trace(trace3);
///
/// let layout = Layout::new().title("<b>Line and Scatter Plot</b>".into());
/// plot.set_layout(layout);
///
/// # if false { // We don't actually want to try and display the plot in a browser when running a doctest.
/// plot.show();
/// # }
/// }
///
/// fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {
/// line_and_scatter_plot();
/// Ok(())
/// }
/// ```
#[derive(Default, Serialize, Clone)]
pub struct Plot {
#[serde(rename = "data")]
traces: Traces,
layout: Layout,
#[serde(rename = "config")]
configuration: Configuration,
#[serde(skip)]
remote_plotly_js: bool,
}
impl Plot {
/// Create a new `Plot`.
pub fn new() -> Plot {
Plot {
traces: Traces::new(),
remote_plotly_js: true,
..Default::default()
}
}
/// This option results in the plotly.js library being written directly in
/// the html output. The benefit is that the plot will load faster in
/// the browser and the downside is that the resulting html will be much
/// larger.
///
/// Note that when using `Plot::to_inline_html()`, it is assumed that the
/// `plotly.js` library is already in scope, so setting this attribute
/// will have no effect.
pub fn use_local_plotly(&mut self) {
self.remote_plotly_js = false;
}
/// Add a `Trace` to the `Plot`.
pub fn add_trace(&mut self, trace: Box<dyn Trace>) {
self.traces.push(trace);
}
/// Add multiple `Trace`s to the `Plot`.
pub fn add_traces(&mut self, traces: Vec<Box<dyn Trace>>) {
for trace in traces {
self.add_trace(trace);
}
}
/// Set the `Layout` to be used by `Plot`.
pub fn set_layout(&mut self, layout: Layout) {
self.layout = layout;
}
/// Set the `Configuration` to be used by `Plot`.
pub fn set_configuration(&mut self, configuration: Configuration) {
self.configuration = configuration;
}
/// Get the contained data elements.
pub fn data(&self) -> &Traces {
&self.traces
}
/// Get the layout specification of the plot.
pub fn layout(&self) -> &Layout {
&self.layout
}
/// Get the configuration specification of the plot.
pub fn configuration(&self) -> &Configuration {
&self.configuration
}
/// Display the fully rendered HTML `Plot` in the default system browser.
///
/// The HTML file is saved in a temp file, from which it is read and
/// displayed by the browser.
#[cfg(not(target_family = "wasm"))]
pub fn show(&self) {
use std::env;
let rendered = self.render();
// Set up the temp file with a unique filename.
let mut temp = env::temp_dir();
let mut plot_name = Alphanumeric.sample_string(&mut thread_rng(), 22);
plot_name.push_str(".html");
plot_name = format!("plotly_{}", plot_name);
temp.push(plot_name);
// Save the rendered plot to the temp file.
let temp_path = temp.to_str().unwrap();
let mut file = File::create(temp_path).unwrap();
file.write_all(rendered.as_bytes())
.expect("failed to write html output");
file.flush().unwrap();
// Hand off the job of opening the browser to an OS-specific implementation.
Plot::show_with_default_app(temp_path);
}
/// Display the fully rendered `Plot` as a static image of the given format
/// in the default system browser.
#[cfg(not(target_family = "wasm"))]
pub fn show_image(&self, format: ImageFormat, width: usize, height: usize) {
use std::env;
let rendered = self.render_static(format, width, height);
// Set up the temp file with a unique filename.
let mut temp = env::temp_dir();
let mut plot_name = Alphanumeric.sample_string(&mut thread_rng(), 22);
plot_name.push_str(".html");
plot_name = format!("plotly_{}", plot_name);
temp.push(plot_name);
// Save the rendered plot to the temp file.
let temp_path = temp.to_str().unwrap();
let mut file = File::create(temp_path).unwrap();
file.write_all(rendered.as_bytes())
.expect("failed to write html output");
file.flush().unwrap();
// Hand off the job of opening the browser to an OS-specific implementation.
Plot::show_with_default_app(temp_path);
}
/// Save the rendered `Plot` to a file at the given location.
///
/// This method will render the plot to a full, standalone HTML document,
/// before saving it to the given location.
pub fn write_html<P: AsRef<Path>>(&self, filename: P) {
let rendered = self.to_html();
let mut file = File::create(filename).unwrap();
file.write_all(rendered.as_bytes())
.expect("failed to write html output");
file.flush().unwrap();
}
/// Convert a `Plot` to an HTML string representation.
///
/// This method will generate a full, standalone HTML document. To generate
/// a minimal HTML string which can be embedded within an existing HTML
/// page, use `Plot::to_inline_html()`.
pub fn to_html(&self) -> String {
self.render()
}
/// Renders the contents of the `Plot` and returns it as a String suitable
/// for embedding within web pages or Jupyter notebooks.
///
/// A `div` is generated with the supplied id followed by the `script` block
/// that generates the plot. The assumption is that `plotly.js` is
/// available within the HTML page that this element is embedded. If
/// that assumption is violated then the plot will not be displayed.
///
/// If `plot_div_id` is `None` the plot div id will be randomly generated,
/// otherwise the user-supplied `plot_div_id` is used.
///
/// To generate a full, standalone HTML string or file, use
/// `Plot::to_html()` and `Plot::write_html()`, respectively.
pub fn to_inline_html(&self, plot_div_id: Option<&str>) -> String {
let plot_div_id = match plot_div_id {
Some(id) => id.to_string(),
None => Alphanumeric.sample_string(&mut thread_rng(), 20),
};
self.render_inline(&plot_div_id)
}
fn to_jupyter_notebook_html(&self) -> String {
let plot_div_id = Alphanumeric.sample_string(&mut thread_rng(), 20);
let tmpl = JupyterNotebookPlotTemplate {
plot: self,
plot_div_id: &plot_div_id,
};
tmpl.render().unwrap()
}
/// Display plot in Jupyter Notebook.
pub fn notebook_display(&self) {
let plot_data = self.to_jupyter_notebook_html();
println!(
"EVCXR_BEGIN_CONTENT text/html\n{}\nEVCXR_END_CONTENT",
plot_data
);
}
/// Display plot in Jupyter Lab.
pub fn lab_display(&self) {
let plot_data = self.to_json();
println!(
"EVCXR_BEGIN_CONTENT application/vnd.plotly.v1+json\n{}\nEVCXR_END_CONTENT",
plot_data
);
}
/// Displays the plot in Jupyter Lab; if running a Jupyter Notebook then use
/// the `notebook_display()` method instead.
pub fn evcxr_display(&self) {
self.lab_display();
}
/// Convert the `Plot` to a static image of the given image format and save
/// at the given location.
#[cfg(feature = "kaleido")]
pub fn write_image<P: AsRef<Path>>(
&self,
filename: P,
format: ImageFormat,
width: usize,
height: usize,
scale: f64,
) {
let kaleido = plotly_kaleido::Kaleido::new();
kaleido
.save(
filename.as_ref(),
&serde_json::to_value(self).unwrap(),
&format.to_string(),
width,
height,
scale,
)
.unwrap_or_else(|_| panic!("failed to export plot to {:?}", filename.as_ref()));
}
fn render(&self) -> String {
let tmpl = PlotTemplate {
plot: self,
remote_plotly_js: self.remote_plotly_js,
};
tmpl.render().unwrap()
}
#[cfg(not(target_family = "wasm"))]
fn render_static(&self, format: ImageFormat, width: usize, height: usize) -> String {
let tmpl = StaticPlotTemplate {
plot: self,
format,
remote_plotly_js: self.remote_plotly_js,
width,
height,
};
tmpl.render().unwrap()
}
fn render_inline(&self, plot_div_id: &str) -> String {
let tmpl = InlinePlotTemplate {
plot: self,
plot_div_id,
};
tmpl.render().unwrap()
}
pub fn to_json(&self) -> String {
serde_json::to_string(self).unwrap()
}
#[cfg(feature = "wasm")]
/// Convert a `Plot` to a native Javasript `js_sys::Object`.
pub fn to_js_object(&self) -> js_sys::Object {
use wasm_bindgen::JsCast;
// The only reason this could fail is if to_json() produces structurally
// incorrect JSON. That would be a bug, and would require fixing in the
// to_json()/serialization methods, rather than here
js_sys::JSON::parse(&self.to_json())
.expect("Invalid JSON")
.dyn_into::<js_sys::Object>()
.expect("Invalid JSON structure - expected a top-level Object")
}
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
fn show_with_default_app(temp_path: &str) {
use std::process::Command;
Command::new("xdg-open")
.args([temp_path])
.output()
.expect(DEFAULT_HTML_APP_NOT_FOUND);
}
#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
fn show_with_default_app(temp_path: &str) {
use std::process::Command;
Command::new("open")
.args(&[temp_path])
.output()
.expect(DEFAULT_HTML_APP_NOT_FOUND);
}
#[cfg(target_os = "windows")]
fn show_with_default_app(temp_path: &str) {
use std::process::Command;
Command::new("cmd")
.arg("/C")
.arg(format!(r#"start {}"#, temp_path))
.output()
.expect(DEFAULT_HTML_APP_NOT_FOUND);
}
}
impl PartialEq for Plot {
fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
self.to_json() == other.to_json()
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use std::path::PathBuf;
use serde_json::{json, to_value};
use super::*;
use crate::Scatter;
fn create_test_plot() -> Plot {
let trace1 = Scatter::new(vec![0, 1, 2], vec![6, 10, 2]).name("trace1");
let mut plot = Plot::new();
plot.add_trace(trace1);
plot
}
#[test]
fn test_inline_plot() {
let plot = create_test_plot();
let inline_plot_data = plot.to_inline_html(Some("replace_this_with_the_div_id"));
assert!(inline_plot_data.contains("replace_this_with_the_div_id"));
plot.to_inline_html(None);
}
#[test]
fn test_jupyter_notebook_plot() {
let plot = create_test_plot();
plot.to_jupyter_notebook_html();
}
#[test]
fn test_notebook_display() {
let plot = create_test_plot();
plot.notebook_display();
}
#[test]
fn test_lab_display() {
let plot = create_test_plot();
plot.lab_display();
}
#[test]
fn test_plot_serialize_simple() {
let plot = create_test_plot();
let expected = json!({
"data": [
{
"type": "scatter",
"name": "trace1",
"x": [0, 1, 2],
"y": [6, 10, 2]
}
],
"layout": {},
"config": {},
});
assert_eq!(to_value(plot).unwrap(), expected);
}
#[test]
fn test_plot_serialize_with_layout() {
let mut plot = create_test_plot();
let layout = Layout::new().title("Title".into());
plot.set_layout(layout);
let expected = json!({
"data": [
{
"type": "scatter",
"name": "trace1",
"x": [0, 1, 2],
"y": [6, 10, 2]
}
],
"layout": {
"title": {
"text": "Title"
}
},
"config": {},
});
assert_eq!(to_value(plot).unwrap(), expected);
}
#[test]
fn test_data_to_json() {
let plot = create_test_plot();
let expected = json!([
{
"type": "scatter",
"name": "trace1",
"x": [0, 1, 2],
"y": [6, 10, 2]
}
]);
assert_eq!(to_value(plot.data()).unwrap(), expected);
}
#[test]
fn test_empty_layout_to_json() {
let plot = create_test_plot();
let expected = json!({});
assert_eq!(to_value(plot.layout()).unwrap(), expected);
}
#[test]
fn test_layout_to_json() {
let mut plot = create_test_plot();
let layout = Layout::new().title("TestTitle".into());
plot.set_layout(layout);
let expected = json!({
"title": {"text": "TestTitle"}
});
assert_eq!(to_value(plot.layout()).unwrap(), expected);
}
#[test]
fn test_plot_eq() {
let plot1 = create_test_plot();
let plot2 = create_test_plot();
assert!(plot1 == plot2);
}
#[test]
fn test_plot_neq() {
let plot1 = create_test_plot();
let trace2 = Scatter::new(vec![10, 1, 2], vec![6, 10, 2]).name("trace2");
let mut plot2 = Plot::new();
plot2.add_trace(trace2);
assert!(plot1 != plot2);
}
#[test]
fn test_plot_clone() {
let plot1 = create_test_plot();
let plot2 = plot1.clone();
assert!(plot1 == plot2);
}
#[test]
#[ignore] // Don't really want it to try and open a browser window every time we run a test.
#[cfg(not(feature = "wasm"))]
fn test_show_image() {
let plot = create_test_plot();
plot.show_image(ImageFormat::PNG, 1024, 680);
}
#[test]
fn test_save_html() {
let plot = create_test_plot();
let dst = PathBuf::from("example.html");
plot.write_html(&dst);
assert!(dst.exists());
assert!(std::fs::remove_file(&dst).is_ok());
assert!(!dst.exists());
}
#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "kaleido")]
fn test_save_to_png() {
let plot = create_test_plot();
let dst = PathBuf::from("example.png");
plot.write_image(&dst, ImageFormat::PNG, 1024, 680, 1.0);
assert!(dst.exists());
assert!(std::fs::remove_file(&dst).is_ok());
assert!(!dst.exists());
}
#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "kaleido")]
fn test_save_to_jpeg() {
let plot = create_test_plot();
let dst = PathBuf::from("example.jpeg");
plot.write_image(&dst, ImageFormat::JPEG, 1024, 680, 1.0);
assert!(dst.exists());
assert!(std::fs::remove_file(&dst).is_ok());
assert!(!dst.exists());
}
#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "kaleido")]
fn test_save_to_svg() {
let plot = create_test_plot();
let dst = PathBuf::from("example.svg");
plot.write_image(&dst, ImageFormat::SVG, 1024, 680, 1.0);
assert!(dst.exists());
assert!(std::fs::remove_file(&dst).is_ok());
assert!(!dst.exists());
}
#[test]
#[ignore] // This seems to fail unpredictably on MacOs.
#[cfg(feature = "kaleido")]
fn test_save_to_eps() {
let plot = create_test_plot();
let dst = PathBuf::from("example.eps");
plot.write_image(&dst, ImageFormat::EPS, 1024, 680, 1.0);
assert!(dst.exists());
assert!(std::fs::remove_file(&dst).is_ok());
assert!(!dst.exists());
}
#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "kaleido")]
fn test_save_to_pdf() {
let plot = create_test_plot();
let dst = PathBuf::from("example.pdf");
plot.write_image(&dst, ImageFormat::PDF, 1024, 680, 1.0);
assert!(dst.exists());
assert!(std::fs::remove_file(&dst).is_ok());
assert!(!dst.exists());
}
#[test]
#[cfg(feature = "kaleido")]
fn test_save_to_webp() {
let plot = create_test_plot();
let dst = PathBuf::from("example.webp");
plot.write_image(&dst, ImageFormat::WEBP, 1024, 680, 1.0);
assert!(dst.exists());
assert!(std::fs::remove_file(&dst).is_ok());
assert!(!dst.exists());
}
}