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//
// ShellJS
// Unix shell commands on top of Node's API
//
// Copyright (c) 2012 Artur Adib
// http://github.com/arturadib/shelljs
//
var fs = require('fs'),
path = require('path'),
util = require('util'),
vm = require('vm'),
child = require('child_process'),
os = require('os');
// Node shims for < v0.7
fs.existsSync = fs.existsSync || path.existsSync;
var config = {
silent: false,
fatal: false
};
var state = {
error: null,
currentCmd: 'shell.js',
tempDir: null
},
platform = os.type().match(/^Win/) ? 'win' : 'unix';
//@
//@ All commands run synchronously, unless otherwise stated.
//@
//@
//@ ### cd('dir')
//@ Changes to directory `dir` for the duration of the script
function _cd(options, dir) {
if (!dir)
error('directory not specified');
if (!fs.existsSync(dir))
error('no such file or directory: ' + dir);
if (!fs.statSync(dir).isDirectory())
error('not a directory: ' + dir);
process.chdir(dir);
}
exports.cd = wrap('cd', _cd);
//@
//@ ### pwd()
//@ Returns the current directory.
function _pwd(options) {
var pwd = path.resolve(process.cwd());
return ShellString(pwd);
}
exports.pwd = wrap('pwd', _pwd);
//@
//@ ### ls([options ,] path [,path ...])
//@ ### ls([options ,] path_array)
//@ Available options:
//@
//@ + `-R`: recursive
//@ + `-A`: all files (include files beginning with `.`, except for `.` and `..`)
//@
//@ Examples:
//@
//@ ```javascript
//@ ls('projs/*.js');
//@ ls('-R', '/users/me', '/tmp');
//@ ls('-R', ['/users/me', '/tmp']); // same as above
//@ ```
//@
//@ Returns array of files in the given path, or in current directory if no path provided.
function _ls(options, paths) {
options = parseOptions(options, {
'R': 'recursive',
'A': 'all',
'a': 'all_deprecated'
});
if (options.all_deprecated) {
// We won't support the -a option as it's hard to image why it's useful
// (it includes '.' and '..' in addition to '.*' files)
// For backwards compatibility we'll dump a deprecated message and proceed as before
log('ls: Option -a is deprecated. Use -A instead');
options.all = true;
}
if (!paths)
paths = ['.'];
else if (typeof paths === 'object')
paths = paths; // assume array
else if (typeof paths === 'string')
paths = [].slice.call(arguments, 1);
var list = [];
// Conditionally pushes file to list - returns true if pushed, false otherwise
// (e.g. prevents hidden files to be included unless explicitly told so)
function pushFile(file, query) {
// hidden file?
if (path.basename(file)[0] === '.') {
// not explicitly asking for hidden files?
if (!options.all && !(path.basename(query)[0] === '.' && path.basename(query).length > 1))
return false;
}
if (platform === 'win')
file = file.replace(/\\/g, '/');
list.push(file);
return true;
}
paths.forEach(function(p) {
if (fs.existsSync(p)) {
var stats = fs.statSync(p);
// Simple file?
if (stats.isFile()) {
pushFile(p, p);
return; // continue
}
// Simple dir?
if (stats.isDirectory()) {
// Iterate over p contents
fs.readdirSync(p).forEach(function(file) {
if (!pushFile(file, p))
return;
// Recursive?
if (options.recursive) {
var oldDir = _pwd();
_cd('', p);
if (fs.statSync(file).isDirectory())
list = list.concat(_ls('-R'+(options.all?'A':''), file+'/*'));
_cd('', oldDir);
}
});
return; // continue
}
}
// p does not exist - possible wildcard present
var basename = path.basename(p);
var dirname = path.dirname(p);
// Wildcard present on an existing dir? (e.g. '/tmp/*.js')
if (basename.search(/\*/) > -1 && fs.existsSync(dirname) && fs.statSync(dirname).isDirectory) {
// Escape special regular expression chars
var regexp = basename.replace(/(\^|\$|\(|\)|<|>|\[|\]|\{|\}|\.|\+|\?)/g, '\\$1');
// Translates wildcard into regex
regexp = '^' + regexp.replace(/\*/g, '.*') + '$';
// Iterate over directory contents
fs.readdirSync(dirname).forEach(function(file) {
if (file.match(new RegExp(regexp))) {
if (!pushFile(path.normalize(dirname+'/'+file), basename))
return;
// Recursive?
if (options.recursive) {
var pp = dirname + '/' + file;
if (fs.lstatSync(pp).isDirectory())
list = list.concat(_ls('-R'+(options.all?'A':''), pp+'/*'));
} // recursive
} // if file matches
}); // forEach
return;
}
error('no such file or directory: ' + p, true);
});
return list;
}
exports.ls = wrap('ls', _ls);
//@
//@ ### find(path [,path ...])
//@ ### find(path_array)
//@ Examples:
//@
//@ ```javascript
//@ find('src', 'lib');
//@ find(['src', 'lib']); // same as above
//@ find('.').filter(function(file) { return file.match(/\.js$/); });
//@ ```
//@
//@ Returns array of all files (however deep) in the given paths.
//@
//@ The main difference from `ls('-R', path)` is that the resulting file names
//@ include the base directories, e.g. `lib/resources/file1` instead of just `file1`.
function _find(options, paths) {
if (!paths)
error('no path specified');
else if (typeof paths === 'object')
paths = paths; // assume array
else if (typeof paths === 'string')
paths = [].slice.call(arguments, 1);
var list = [];
function pushFile(file) {
if (platform === 'win')
file = file.replace(/\\/g, '/');
list.push(file);
}
// why not simply do ls('-R', paths)? because the output wouldn't give the base dirs
// to get the base dir in the output, we need instead ls('-R', 'dir/*') for every directory
paths.forEach(function(file) {
pushFile(file);
if (fs.statSync(file).isDirectory()) {
_ls('-RA', file+'/*').forEach(function(subfile) {
pushFile(subfile);
});
}
});
return list;
}
exports.find = wrap('find', _find);
//@
//@ ### cp([options ,] source [,source ...], dest)
//@ ### cp([options ,] source_array, dest)
//@ Available options:
//@
//@ + `-f`: force
//@ + `-r, -R`: recursive
//@
//@ Examples:
//@
//@ ```javascript
//@ cp('file1', 'dir1');
//@ cp('-Rf', '/tmp/*', '/usr/local/*', '/home/tmp');
//@ cp('-Rf', ['/tmp/*', '/usr/local/*'], '/home/tmp'); // same as above
//@ ```
//@
//@ Copies files. The wildcard `*` is accepted.
function _cp(options, sources, dest) {
options = parseOptions(options, {
'f': 'force',
'R': 'recursive',
'r': 'recursive'
});
// Get sources, dest
if (arguments.length < 3) {
error('missing <source> and/or <dest>');
} else if (arguments.length > 3) {
sources = [].slice.call(arguments, 1, arguments.length - 1);
dest = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
} else if (typeof sources === 'string') {
sources = [sources];
} else if ('length' in sources) {
sources = sources; // no-op for array
} else {
error('invalid arguments');
}
var exists = fs.existsSync(dest),
stats = exists && fs.statSync(dest);
// Dest is not existing dir, but multiple sources given
if ((!exists || !stats.isDirectory()) && sources.length > 1)
error('dest is not a directory (too many sources)');
// Dest is an existing file, but no -f given
if (exists && stats.isFile() && !options.force)
error('dest file already exists: ' + dest);
if (options.recursive) {
// Recursive allows the shortcut syntax "sourcedir/" for "sourcedir/*"
// (see Github issue #15)
sources.forEach(function(src, i) {
if (src[src.length - 1] === '/')
sources[i] += '*';
});
// Create dest
try {
fs.mkdirSync(dest, parseInt('0777', 8));
} catch (e) {
// like Unix's cp, keep going even if we can't create dest dir
}
}
sources = expand(sources);
sources.forEach(function(src) {
if (!fs.existsSync(src)) {
error('no such file or directory: '+src, true);
return; // skip file
}
// If here, src exists
if (fs.statSync(src).isDirectory()) {
if (!options.recursive) {
// Non-Recursive
log(src + ' is a directory (not copied)');
} else {
// Recursive
// 'cp /a/source dest' should create 'source' in 'dest'
var newDest = path.join(dest, path.basename(src)),
checkDir = fs.statSync(src);
try {
fs.mkdirSync(newDest, checkDir.mode);
} catch (e) {
//if the directory already exists, that's okay
if (e.code !== 'EEXIST') throw e;
}
cpdirSyncRecursive(src, newDest, {force: options.force});
}
return; // done with dir
}
// If here, src is a file
// When copying to '/path/dir':
// thisDest = '/path/dir/file1'
var thisDest = dest;
if (fs.existsSync(dest) && fs.statSync(dest).isDirectory())
thisDest = path.normalize(dest + '/' + path.basename(src));
if (fs.existsSync(thisDest) && !options.force) {
error('dest file already exists: ' + thisDest, true);
return; // skip file
}
copyFileSync(src, thisDest);
}); // forEach(src)
}
exports.cp = wrap('cp', _cp);
//@
//@ ### rm([options ,] file [, file ...])
//@ ### rm([options ,] file_array)
//@ Available options:
//@
//@ + `-f`: force
//@ + `-r, -R`: recursive
//@
//@ Examples:
//@
//@ ```javascript
//@ rm('-rf', '/tmp/*');
//@ rm('some_file.txt', 'another_file.txt');
//@ rm(['some_file.txt', 'another_file.txt']); // same as above
//@ ```
//@
//@ Removes files. The wildcard `*` is accepted.
function _rm(options, files) {
options = parseOptions(options, {
'f': 'force',
'r': 'recursive',
'R': 'recursive'
});
if (!files)
error('no paths given');
if (typeof files === 'string')
files = [].slice.call(arguments, 1);
// if it's array leave it as it is
files = expand(files);
files.forEach(function(file) {
if (!fs.existsSync(file)) {
// Path does not exist, no force flag given
if (!options.force)
error('no such file or directory: '+file, true);
return; // skip file
}
// If here, path exists
var stats = fs.statSync(file);
// Remove simple file
if (stats.isFile()) {
// Do not check for file writing permissions
if (options.force) {
_unlinkSync(file);
return;
}
if (isWriteable(file))
_unlinkSync(file);
else
error('permission denied: '+file, true);
return;
} // simple file
// Path is an existing directory, but no -r flag given
if (stats.isDirectory() && !options.recursive) {
error('path is a directory', true);
return; // skip path
}
// Recursively remove existing directory
if (stats.isDirectory() && options.recursive) {
rmdirSyncRecursive(file, options.force);
}
}); // forEach(file)
} // rm
exports.rm = wrap('rm', _rm);
//@
//@ ### mv(source [, source ...], dest')
//@ ### mv(source_array, dest')
//@ Available options:
//@
//@ + `f`: force
//@
//@ Examples:
//@
//@ ```javascript
//@ mv('-f', 'file', 'dir/');
//@ mv('file1', 'file2', 'dir/');
//@ mv(['file1', 'file2'], 'dir/'); // same as above
//@ ```
//@
//@ Moves files. The wildcard `*` is accepted.
function _mv(options, sources, dest) {
options = parseOptions(options, {
'f': 'force'
});
// Get sources, dest
if (arguments.length < 3) {
error('missing <source> and/or <dest>');
} else if (arguments.length > 3) {
sources = [].slice.call(arguments, 1, arguments.length - 1);
dest = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
} else if (typeof sources === 'string') {
sources = [sources];
} else if ('length' in sources) {
sources = sources; // no-op for array
} else {
error('invalid arguments');
}
sources = expand(sources);
var exists = fs.existsSync(dest),
stats = exists && fs.statSync(dest);
// Dest is not existing dir, but multiple sources given
if ((!exists || !stats.isDirectory()) && sources.length > 1)
error('dest is not a directory (too many sources)');
// Dest is an existing file, but no -f given
if (exists && stats.isFile() && !options.force)
error('dest file already exists: ' + dest);
sources.forEach(function(src) {
if (!fs.existsSync(src)) {
error('no such file or directory: '+src, true);
return; // skip file
}
// If here, src exists
// When copying to '/path/dir':
// thisDest = '/path/dir/file1'
var thisDest = dest;
if (fs.existsSync(dest) && fs.statSync(dest).isDirectory())
thisDest = path.normalize(dest + '/' + path.basename(src));
if (fs.existsSync(thisDest) && !options.force) {
error('dest file already exists: ' + thisDest, true);
return; // skip file
}
if (path.resolve(src) === path.dirname(path.resolve(thisDest))) {
error('cannot move to self: '+src, true);
return; // skip file
}
fs.renameSync(src, thisDest);
}); // forEach(src)
} // mv
exports.mv = wrap('mv', _mv);
//@
//@ ### mkdir([options ,] dir [, dir ...])
//@ ### mkdir([options ,] dir_array)
//@ Available options:
//@
//@ + `p`: full path (will create intermediate dirs if necessary)
//@
//@ Examples:
//@
//@ ```javascript
//@ mkdir('-p', '/tmp/a/b/c/d', '/tmp/e/f/g');
//@ mkdir('-p', ['/tmp/a/b/c/d', '/tmp/e/f/g']); // same as above
//@ ```
//@
//@ Creates directories.
function _mkdir(options, dirs) {
options = parseOptions(options, {
'p': 'fullpath'
});
if (!dirs)
error('no paths given');
if (typeof dirs === 'string')
dirs = [].slice.call(arguments, 1);
// if it's array leave it as it is
dirs.forEach(function(dir) {
if (fs.existsSync(dir)) {
if (!options.fullpath)
error('path already exists: ' + dir, true);
return; // skip dir
}
// Base dir does not exist, and no -p option given
var baseDir = path.dirname(dir);
if (!fs.existsSync(baseDir) && !options.fullpath) {
error('no such file or directory: ' + baseDir, true);
return; // skip dir
}
if (options.fullpath)
mkdirSyncRecursive(dir);
else
fs.mkdirSync(dir, parseInt('0777', 8));
});
} // mkdir
exports.mkdir = wrap('mkdir', _mkdir);
//@
//@ ### test(expression)
//@ Available expression primaries:
//@
//@ + `'-b', 'path'`: true if path is a block device
//@ + `'-c', 'path'`: true if path is a character device
//@ + `'-d', 'path'`: true if path is a directory
//@ + `'-e', 'path'`: true if path exists
//@ + `'-f', 'path'`: true if path is a regular file
//@ + `'-L', 'path'`: true if path is a symboilc link
//@ + `'-p', 'path'`: true if path is a pipe (FIFO)
//@ + `'-S', 'path'`: true if path is a socket
//@
//@ Examples:
//@
//@ ```javascript
//@ if (test('-d', path)) { /* do something with dir */ };
//@ if (!test('-f', path)) continue; // skip if it's a regular file
//@ ```
//@
//@ Evaluates expression using the available primaries and returns corresponding value.
function _test(options, path) {
if (!path)
error('no path given');
// hack - only works with unary primaries
options = parseOptions(options, {
'b': 'block',
'c': 'character',
'd': 'directory',
'e': 'exists',
'f': 'file',
'L': 'link',
'p': 'pipe',
'S': 'socket'
});
var canInterpret = false;
for (var key in options)
if (options[key] === true) {
canInterpret = true;
break;
}
if (!canInterpret)
error('could not interpret expression');
if (options.link) {
try {
return fs.lstatSync(path).isSymbolicLink();
} catch(e) {
return false;
}
}
if (!fs.existsSync(path))
return false;
if (options.exists)
return true;
var stats = fs.statSync(path);
if (options.block)
return stats.isBlockDevice();
if (options.character)
return stats.isCharacterDevice();
if (options.directory)
return stats.isDirectory();
if (options.file)
return stats.isFile();
if (options.pipe)
return stats.isFIFO();
if (options.socket)
return stats.isSocket();
} // test
exports.test = wrap('test', _test);
//@
//@ ### cat(file [, file ...])
//@ ### cat(file_array)
//@
//@ Examples:
//@
//@ ```javascript
//@ var str = cat('file*.txt');
//@ var str = cat('file1', 'file2');
//@ var str = cat(['file1', 'file2']); // same as above
//@ ```
//@
//@ Returns a string containing the given file, or a concatenated string
//@ containing the files if more than one file is given (a new line character is
//@ introduced between each file). Wildcard `*` accepted.
function _cat(options, files) {
var cat = '';
if (!files)
error('no paths given');
if (typeof files === 'string')
files = [].slice.call(arguments, 1);
// if it's array leave it as it is
files = expand(files);
files.forEach(function(file) {
if (!fs.existsSync(file))
error('no such file or directory: ' + file);
cat += fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf8') + '\n';
});
if (cat[cat.length-1] === '\n')
cat = cat.substring(0, cat.length-1);
return ShellString(cat);
}
exports.cat = wrap('cat', _cat);
//@
//@ ### 'string'.to(file)
//@
//@ Examples:
//@
//@ ```javascript
//@ cat('input.txt').to('output.txt');
//@ ```
//@
//@ Analogous to the redirection operator `>` in Unix, but works with JavaScript strings (such as
//@ those returned by `cat`, `grep`, etc). _Like Unix redirections, `to()` will overwrite any existing file!_
function _to(options, file) {
if (!file)
error('wrong arguments');
if (!fs.existsSync( path.dirname(file) ))
error('no such file or directory: ' + path.dirname(file));
try {
fs.writeFileSync(file, this.toString(), 'utf8');
} catch(e) {
error('could not write to file (code '+e.code+'): '+file, true);
}
}
// In the future, when Proxies are default, we can add methods like `.to()` to primitive strings.
// For now, this is a dummy function to bookmark places we need such strings
function ShellString(str) {
return str;
}
String.prototype.to = wrap('to', _to);
//@
//@ ### sed([options ,] search_regex, replace_str, file)
//@ Available options:
//@
//@ + `-i`: Replace contents of 'file' in-place. _Note that no backups will be created!_
//@
//@ Examples:
//@
//@ ```javascript
//@ sed('-i', 'PROGRAM_VERSION', 'v0.1.3', 'source.js');
//@ sed(/.*DELETE_THIS_LINE.*\n/, '', 'source.js');
//@ ```
//@
//@ Reads an input string from `file` and performs a JavaScript `replace()` on the input
//@ using the given search regex and replacement string. Returns the new string after replacement.
function _sed(options, regex, replacement, file) {
options = parseOptions(options, {
'i': 'inplace'
});
if (typeof replacement === 'string')
replacement = replacement; // no-op
else if (typeof replacement === 'number')
replacement = replacement.toString(); // fallback
else
error('invalid replacement string');
if (!file)
error('no file given');
if (!fs.existsSync(file))
error('no such file or directory: ' + file);
var result = fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf8').replace(regex, replacement);
if (options.inplace)
fs.writeFileSync(file, result, 'utf8');
return ShellString(result);
}
exports.sed = wrap('sed', _sed);
//@
//@ ### grep([options ,] regex_filter, file [, file ...])
//@ ### grep([options ,] regex_filter, file_array)
//@ Available options:
//@
//@ + `-v`: Inverse the sense of the regex and print the lines not matching the criteria.
//@
//@ Examples:
//@
//@ ```javascript
//@ grep('-v', 'GLOBAL_VARIABLE', '*.js');
//@ grep('GLOBAL_VARIABLE', '*.js');
//@ ```
//@
//@ Reads input string from given files and returns a string containing all lines of the
//@ file that match the given `regex_filter`. Wildcard `*` accepted.
function _grep(options, regex, files) {
options = parseOptions(options, {
'v': 'inverse'
});
if (!files)
error('no paths given');
if (typeof files === 'string')
files = [].slice.call(arguments, 2);
// if it's array leave it as it is
files = expand(files);
var grep = '';
files.forEach(function(file) {
if (!fs.existsSync(file)) {
error('no such file or directory: ' + file, true);
return;
}
var contents = fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf8'),
lines = contents.split(/\r*\n/);
lines.forEach(function(line) {
var matched = line.match(regex);
if ((options.inverse && !matched) || (!options.inverse && matched))
grep += line + '\n';
});
});
return ShellString(grep);
}
exports.grep = wrap('grep', _grep);
//@
//@ ### which(command)
//@
//@ Examples:
//@
//@ ```javascript
//@ var nodeExec = which('node');
//@ ```
//@
//@ Searches for `command` in the system's PATH. On Windows looks for `.exe`, `.cmd`, and `.bat` extensions.
//@ Returns string containing the absolute path to the command.
function _which(options, cmd) {
if (!cmd)
error('must specify command');
var pathEnv = process.env.path || process.env.Path || process.env.PATH,
pathArray = splitPath(pathEnv),
where = null;
// No relative/absolute paths provided?
if (cmd.search(/\//) === -1) {
// Search for command in PATH
pathArray.forEach(function(dir) {
if (where)
return; // already found it
var attempt = path.resolve(dir + '/' + cmd);
if (fs.existsSync(attempt)) {
where = attempt;
return;
}
if (platform === 'win') {
var baseAttempt = attempt;
attempt = baseAttempt + '.exe';
if (fs.existsSync(attempt)) {
where = attempt;
return;
}
attempt = baseAttempt + '.cmd';
if (fs.existsSync(attempt)) {
where = attempt;
return;
}
attempt = baseAttempt + '.bat';
if (fs.existsSync(attempt)) {
where = attempt;
return;
}
} // if 'win'
});
}
// Command not found anywhere?
if (!fs.existsSync(cmd) && !where)
return null;
where = where || path.resolve(cmd);
return ShellString(where);
}
exports.which = wrap('which', _which);
//@
//@ ### echo(string [,string ...])
//@
//@ Examples:
//@
//@ ```javascript
//@ echo('hello world');
//@ var str = echo('hello world');
//@ ```
//@
//@ Prints string to stdout, and returns string with additional utility methods
//@ like `.to()`.
function _echo() {
var messages = [].slice.call(arguments, 0);
console.log.apply(this, messages);
return ShellString(messages.join(' '));
}
exports.echo = _echo; // don't wrap() as it could parse '-options'
// Pushd/popd/dirs internals
var _dirStack = [];
function _isStackIndex(index) {
return (/^[\-+]\d+$/).test(index);
}
function _parseStackIndex(index) {
if (_isStackIndex(index)) {
if (Math.abs(index) < _dirStack.length + 1) { // +1 for pwd
return (/^-/).test(index) ? Number(index) - 1 : Number(index);
} else {
error(index + ': directory stack index out of range');
}
} else {
error(index + ': invalid number');
}
}
function _actualDirStack() {
return [process.cwd()].concat(_dirStack);
}
//@
//@ ### dirs([options | '+N' | '-N'])
//@
//@ Available options:
//@
//@ + `-c`: Clears the directory stack by deleting all of the elements.
//@
//@ Arguments:
//@
//@ + `+N`: Displays the Nth directory (counting from the left of the list printed by dirs when invoked without options), starting with zero.
//@ + `-N`: Displays the Nth directory (counting from the right of the list printed by dirs when invoked without options), starting with zero.
//@
//@ Display the list of currently remembered directories. Returns an array of paths in the stack, or a single path if +N or -N was specified.
//@
//@ See also: pushd, popd
function _dirs(options, index) {
if (_isStackIndex(options)) {
index = options;
options = '';
}
options = parseOptions(options, {
'c' : 'clear'
});
if (options['clear']) {
_dirStack = [];
return _dirStack;
}
var stack = _actualDirStack();
if (index) {
index = _parseStackIndex(index);
if (index < 0) {
index = stack.length + index;
}
log(stack[index]);
return stack[index];
}
log(stack.join(' '));
return stack;
}
exports.dirs = wrap("dirs", _dirs);
//@
//@ ### pushd([options,] [dir | '-N' | '+N'])
//@
//@ Available options:
//@
//@ + `-n`: Suppresses the normal change of directory when adding directories to the stack, so that only the stack is manipulated.
//@
//@ Arguments:
//@
//@ + `dir`: Makes the current working directory be the top of the stack, and then executes the equivalent of `cd dir`.
//@ + `+N`: Brings the Nth directory (counting from the left of the list printed by dirs, starting with zero) to the top of the list by rotating the stack.
//@ + `-N`: Brings the Nth directory (counting from the right of the list printed by dirs, starting with zero) to the top of the list by rotating the stack.
//@
//@ Examples:
//@
//@ ```javascript
//@ // process.cwd() === '/usr'
//@ pushd('/etc'); // Returns /etc /usr
//@ pushd('+1'); // Returns /usr /etc
//@ ```
//@
//@ Save the current directory on the top of the directory stack and then cd to `dir`. With no arguments, pushd exchanges the top two directories. Returns an array of paths in the stack.
function _pushd(options, dir) {
if (_isStackIndex(options)) {
dir = options;
options = '';
}
options = parseOptions(options, {
'n' : 'no-cd'
});
var dirs = _actualDirStack();
if (dir === '+0') {
return dirs; // +0 is a noop
} else if (!dir) {
if (dirs.length > 1) {
dirs = dirs.splice(1, 1).concat(dirs);
} else {
return error('no other directory');
}
} else if (_isStackIndex(dir)) {
var n = _parseStackIndex(dir);
dirs = dirs.slice(n).concat(dirs.slice(0, n));
} else {
if (options['no-cd']) {
dirs.splice(1, 0, dir);
} else {
dirs.unshift(dir);
}