NotACat1 · NotACat1 · Mar 16, 2026 · Mar 16, 2026 · Mar 16, 2026 · Mar 16, 2026
diff --git a/Tests/ModernThreadSafeStack.Tests/ModernThreadSafeStack.Tests.vcxproj b/Tests/ModernThreadSafeStack.Tests/ModernThreadSafeStack.Tests.vcxproj
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
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diff --git a/Tests/ModernThreadSafeStack.Tests/packages.config b/Tests/ModernThreadSafeStack.Tests/packages.config
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
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diff --git a/Tests/ModernThreadSafeStack.Tests/pch.cpp b/Tests/ModernThreadSafeStack.Tests/pch.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+//
+// pch.cpp
+//
+
+#include "pch.h"
diff --git a/Tests/ModernThreadSafeStack.Tests/pch.h b/Tests/ModernThreadSafeStack.Tests/pch.h
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+//
+// pch.h
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
diff --git a/Tests/ModernThreadSafeStack.Tests/test.cpp b/Tests/ModernThreadSafeStack.Tests/test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+#include "pch.h"
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <thread>
+#include <vector>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <string>
+#include "../../ThreadSafeStack/ModernThreadSafeStack.h"
+
+/**
+ * @category Functional Tests (Single-threaded)
+ * @brief These tests verify the core logic of the stack in a deterministic,
+ * single-threaded environment to ensure basic LIFO behavior.
+ */
+
+ // @test Verifies that a newly created stack is empty and has a size of zero.
+TEST(ModernThreadSafeStackTest, InitialStateIsCorrect) {
+    ModernThreadSafeStack<int> stack;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(stack.isEmpty());
+    EXPECT_EQ(stack.getSize(), 0);
+}
+
+// @test Validates basic push and pop operations, ensuring LIFO order and proper size updates.
+TEST(ModernThreadSafeStackTest, PushAndPopValues) {
+    ModernThreadSafeStack<int> stack;
+    stack.push(10);
+    stack.push(20);
+
+    EXPECT_FALSE(stack.isEmpty());
+    EXPECT_EQ(stack.getSize(), 2);
+
+    int val = 0;
+    stack.pop(val); // Pop 20
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, 20);
+
+    auto ptr = stack.pop(); // Pop 10
+    ASSERT_NE(ptr, nullptr);
+    EXPECT_EQ(*ptr, 10);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(stack.isEmpty());
+}
+
+// @test Ensures that popping from an empty stack throws a std::out_of_range exception.
+TEST(ModernThreadSafeStackTest, PopEmptyStackThrowsException) {
+    ModernThreadSafeStack<int> stack;
+    int val = 0;
+
+    EXPECT_THROW(stack.pop(), std::out_of_range);
+    EXPECT_THROW(stack.pop(val), std::out_of_range);
+}
+
+// @test Tests non-throwing pop variants (tryPop) for both empty and non-empty stack scenarios.
+TEST(ModernThreadSafeStackTest, TryPopWorksCorrectly) {
+    ModernThreadSafeStack<int> stack;
+    int val = 0;
+
+    // Test tryPop on empty stack
+    EXPECT_FALSE(stack.tryPop(val));
+    EXPECT_EQ(stack.tryPop(), nullptr);
+
+    stack.push(42);
+
+    // Test successful tryPop
+    EXPECT_TRUE(stack.tryPop(val));
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, 42);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(stack.isEmpty());
+}
+
+// @test Confirms that the clear() method removes all elements and resets the stack state.
+TEST(ModernThreadSafeStackTest, ClearEmptiesTheStack) {
+    ModernThreadSafeStack<std::string> stack;
+    stack.push("data");
+    stack.clear();
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(stack.isEmpty());
+    EXPECT_EQ(stack.getSize(), 0);
+}
+
+// @test Verifies thread-safe deep copying and ensures the source stack remains intact.
+TEST(ModernThreadSafeStackTest, CopyConstructorWorks) {
+    ModernThreadSafeStack<int> original;
+    original.push(100);
+
+    ModernThreadSafeStack<int> copy(original);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(copy.getSize(), 1);
+    int val = 0;
+    copy.pop(val);
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, 100);
+    EXPECT_EQ(original.getSize(), 1); // Source must be unchanged
+}
+
+// @test Verifies move semantics, ensuring resources are transferred and the source is left valid.
+TEST(ModernThreadSafeStackTest, MoveConstructorWorks) {
+    ModernThreadSafeStack<int> original;
+    original.push(500);
+
+    ModernThreadSafeStack<int> moved(std::move(original));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(moved.getSize(), 1);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(original.isEmpty()); // Source should be empty after move
+}
+
+/**
+ * @category Concurrency Tests (Multi-threaded)
+ * @brief These tests stress the implementation under high contention to detect
+ * race conditions, deadlocks, or data corruption.
+ */
+
+ // @test Verifies thread safety during simultaneous push operations from multiple threads.
+TEST(ModernThreadSafeStackTest, ConcurrentPushes) {
+    ModernThreadSafeStack<int> stack;
+    const int numThreads = 10;
+    const int numPushesPerThread = 1000;
+    std::vector<std::thread> threads;
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < numThreads; ++i) {
+        threads.emplace_back([&stack, numPushesPerThread]() {
+            for (int j = 0; j < numPushesPerThread; ++j) {
+                stack.push(j);
+            }
+            });
+    }
+
+    for (auto& t : threads) t.join();
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(stack.getSize(), numThreads * numPushesPerThread);
+}
+
+// @test Ensures no data loss or double-popping occurs when multiple threads consume the stack.
+TEST(ModernThreadSafeStackTest, ConcurrentPops) {
+    ModernThreadSafeStack<int> stack;
+    const int totalElements = 5000;
+    for (int i = 0; i < totalElements; ++i) stack.push(i);
+
+    std::atomic<int> popCount{ 0 };
+    const int numThreads = 8;
+    std::vector<std::thread> threads;
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < numThreads; ++i) {
+        threads.emplace_back([&stack, &popCount]() {
+            int val;
+            while (stack.tryPop(val)) {
+                popCount++;
+            }
+            });
+    }
+
+    for (auto& t : threads) t.join();
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(popCount.load(), totalElements);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(stack.isEmpty());
+}
+
+/**
+ * @test Comprehensive stress test for simultaneous producers and consumers.
+ * Verifies overall data integrity by comparing the sum of pushed values
+ * against the sum of popped values (checksum validation).
+ */
+TEST(ModernThreadSafeStackTest, ConcurrentPushAndPopDataIntegrity) {
+    ModernThreadSafeStack<int> stack;
+    const int numThreads = 4;
+    const int itemsPerThread = 2000;
+
+    std::atomic<int> totalPopped{ 0 };
+    std::atomic<bool> producersDone{ false };
+    std::atomic<long long> sumPushed{ 0 };
+    std::atomic<long long> sumPopped{ 0 };
+
+    auto producer = [&]() {
+        for (int j = 1; j <= itemsPerThread; ++j) {
+            stack.push(j);
+            sumPushed += j;
+        }
+        };
+
+    auto consumer = [&]() {
+        int val;
+        while (!producersDone || !stack.isEmpty()) {
+            if (stack.tryPop(val)) {
+                totalPopped++;
+                sumPopped += val;
+            }
+            else {
+                std::this_thread::yield();
+            }
+        }
+        };
+
+    std::vector<std::thread> producers, consumers;
+    for (int i = 0; i < numThreads; ++i) {
+        producers.emplace_back(producer);
+        consumers.emplace_back(consumer);
+    }
+
+    for (auto& t : producers) t.join();
+    producersDone = true;
+    for (auto& t : consumers) t.join();
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(totalPopped.load(), numThreads * itemsPerThread);
+    EXPECT_EQ(sumPushed.load(), sumPopped.load());
+}
diff --git a/ThreadSafeStack.slnx b/ThreadSafeStack.slnx
@@ -3,5 +3,6 @@
     <Platform Name="x64" />
     <Platform Name="x86" />
   </Configurations>
+  <Project Path="Tests/ModernThreadSafeStack.Tests/ModernThreadSafeStack.Tests.vcxproj" />
   <Project Path="ThreadSafeStack/ThreadSafeStack.vcxproj" />
 </Solution>
diff --git a/ThreadSafeStack/ModernThreadSafeStack.cpp b/ThreadSafeStack/ModernThreadSafeStack.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#include "ModernThreadSafeStack.h"
+
+// Explicit template instantiations for commonly used types.
+// This forces the compiler to generate implementations for these types
+// in this translation unit, which can reduce compilation times and
+// prevent linker errors when the template is used across multiple files.
+template class ModernThreadSafeStack<int>;
+template class ModernThreadSafeStack<double>;
+template class ModernThreadSafeStack<std::string>;