Jle1995 · Jle1995 · Dec 20, 2019 · Dec 20, 2019 · Jan 1, 2020 · Jan 31, 2020
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -30,14 +30,27 @@ Edit this document to include your answers after each question. Make sure to lea
 
 1. Describe the biggest difference between `.forEach` & `.map`.
 
+The biggest difference between ".forEach" and ".map" has to do with the return values.
+
 2. What is the difference between a function and a method?
 
+A function has parameters that are called and a method is a function belonging to an object.
+
 3. What is closure?
 
+Closure describes how a function will look outside the scope chain and search for a variable being referenced in the outer scope.
+
 4. Describe the four rules of the 'this' keyword.
 
+1) The first rule is window binding or global object binding. A window binding has "this" as a parameter in a function and display's the value of "this" that points to the object through "console.log(this);".
+2) The second rule is implicit binding. Implicit binding are created by an object to invoke methods with "this" and it's property from the left of the dot.
+3) The third rule is new binding. New binding is a constructor function that creates an object with "this" and returns the object with "this" from the constructor function.
+4) The fourth rule is explicit binding. Explicit binding has "this" and uses call or apply methods to pass an object from another object and it's property.
+
 5. Why do we need super() in an extended class?
 
+The "super()" binds the classes together, calls the parent constructor and its arguments.
+
 ## Project Set up
 
 Follow these steps to set up and work on your project:

diff --git a/classes.js b/classes.js
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// 1. Copy and paste your prototype in here and refactor into class syntax.
+class cuboid {
+    constructor(length, width, height) {
+        this.length = length;
+        this.width = width;
+        this.height = height;
+    }
+    volume() {
+        return 2 * (this.length * this.width + this.length * this.height + this.width * this.height);
+    }
+    surfaceArea() {
+        return this.length * this.width * this.height;
+    }
+}
+
+// Test your volume and surfaceArea methods by uncommenting the logs below:
+console.log(cuboid.volume()); // 100
+console.log(cuboid.surfaceArea()); // 130
+
+// Stretch Task: Extend the base class CuboidMaker with a sub class called CubeMaker.  Find out the formulas for volume and surface area for cubes and create those methods using the dimension properties from CuboidMaker.  Test your work by logging out your volume and surface area.
diff --git a/functions.js b/functions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+// ==== Callbacks ====  
+
+/* Step 1: Create a higher-order function
+  * Create a higher-order function named consume with 3 parameters: a, b and cb
+  * The first two parameters can take any argument (we can pass any value as argument)
+  * The last parameter accepts a callback
+  * The consume function should return the invocation of cb, passing a and b into cb as arguments
+*/
+
+function consume(a, b, cb) {
+  return cb(a,b);
+}
+
+
+/* Step 2: Create several functions to callback with consume();
+  * Create a function named add that returns the sum of two numbers
+  * Create a function named multiply that returns the product of two numbers 
+  * Create a function named greeting that accepts a first and last name and returns "Hello first-name last-name, nice to meet you!"
+*/
+
+function add(Num1, Num2) {
+    return Num1 + Num2;
+}
+
+function multiply(Num1, Num2) {
+    return Num1 * Num2;
+}
+
+function greeting(firstName, lastName) {
+  return `Hello ${firstName} ${lastName}, nice to meet you!`;
+}
+
+/* Step 3: Check your work by un-commenting the following calls to consume(): */
+console.log(consume(2, 2, add)); // 4
+console.log(consume(10, 16, multiply)); // 160
+console.log(consume("Mary", "Poppins", greeting)); // Hello Mary Poppins, nice to meet you!
+
+// ==== Closures ==== 
+
+// Explain in your own words why nestedfunction can access the variable internal.
+
+// Explanation: 
+
+// The variable internal is inside "myFunction()" and "nestedFunction()" is inside "myFunction()".
+// The "nestedFunction()" gets called and "console.log" variable internal.
+
+
+const external = "I'm outside the function";
+
+function myFunction() {
+  console.log(external);
+  const internal = "Hello! I'm inside myFunction!";
+
+  function nestedFunction() {
+    console.log(internal);
+  };
+  nestedFunction();
+}
+myFunction();
diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<!doctype html>
+
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+  <meta charset="utf-8">
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+
+  <title>Sprint Challenge</title>
+
+  <script src="objects-arrays.js"></script>
+  <script src="functions.js"></script>
+  <script src="prototypes.js"></script>
+  <script src="classes.js"></script>
+</head>
+
+<body>
+  <h1>Sprint Challenge - Check your work in the console!</h1>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/objects-arrays.js b/objects-arrays.js
@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+// ==== Objects ====
+
+/* 
+  Given the following information about dinosaurs, create 3 objects: 
+  Use this pattern to create your objects: 
+  object name, diet, weight, length, period
+*/
+
+var Tyrannosaurus = {
+    name: 'tyrannosaurus',
+    diet: 'carnivorous',
+    weight: '7000Kg',
+    length: '12m',
+    peroid: 'Late Cretaceous',
+    roar: function () {
+      return "RAWERSRARARWERSARARARRRR!";
+    } 
+}
+
+var Stegosaurus = {
+    name: 'stegosaurus',
+    diet: 'herbivorous',
+    weight: '2000Kg',
+    length: '9m',
+    peroid: 'Late Jurassic',  
+}
+
+var Velociraptor = {
+    name: 'velociraptor',
+    diet: 'carnivorous',
+    weight: '15kg',
+    length: '1.8m',
+    peroid: 'Late Cretaceous',
+}
+
+// tyrannosaurus, carnivorous, 7000kg, 12m, Late Cretaceous
+
+// stegosaurus, herbivorous, 2000kg, 9m, Late Jurassic
+
+// velociraptor, carnivorous, 15kg, 1.8m, Late Cretaceous
+
+// Using your dinosaur objects, log answers to these questions:
+
+// How much did tyrannosaurus weigh?
+console.log(Tyrannosaurus.weight);
+
+// What was the diet of a velociraptor?
+console.log(Velocioraptor.diet);
+
+// How long was a stegosaurus?
+console.log(Stegosaurus.length);
+
+// What time period did tyrannosaurus live in?
+console.log(Rex.period);
+
+// Create a new roar method for the tyrannosaurus.  When called, return "RAWERSRARARWERSARARARRRR!" Log the result.
+console.log(Rex.roar);
+
+// ==== Arrays ====
+
+// Given an array of college graduates.  Complete the following requests using any array method you like
+
+const graduates = [
+  { id: 1, first_name: "Cynde", university: "Missouri Southern State College", email: "[email protected]" },
+  { id: 2, first_name: "Saundra", university: "The School of the Art Institute of Chicago", email: "[email protected]" },
+  { id: 3, first_name: "Lambert", university: "Marian College", email: "[email protected]" },
+  { id: 4, first_name: "Modestine", university: "International Medical & Technological University", email: "[email protected]" },
+  { id: 5, first_name: "Chick", university: "Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Polytechnic", email: "[email protected]" },
+  { id: 6, first_name: "Jakob", university: "Fachhochschule Rosenheim, Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft", email: "[email protected]" },
+  { id: 7, first_name: "Robbi", university: "Salem University", email: "[email protected]" },
+  { id: 8, first_name: "Colline", university: "Coastal Carolina University", email: "[email protected]" },
+  { id: 9, first_name: "Michail", university: "Universidad Católica de Ávila", email: "[email protected]" },
+  { id: 10, first_name: "Hube", university: "Universitat Rovira I Virgili Tarragona", email: "[email protected]" },
+];
+
+/* Request 1: Create a new array called universities that contains all the universities in the graduates array. This will be an array of strings.
+
+Once you have the new array created, sort the universities alphabetically and log the result. */
+
+var universities = [];
+universities.sort((a, b) => (a.university < b.university) ? universities.push(graduates[a].university): -1);
+console.log(universities);
+
+/* Request 2: Create a new array called contactInfo that contains both first name and email of each student. This will be an array of strings.
+
+The resulting contact information strings should have a space between the first name and the email, like this: 
+"Josh [email protected]"
+
+Log the result of your new array. */
+
+var contactInfo = [];
+contactInfo.push(graduates[index].first_name, graduates[index].email);
+console.log(contactInfo);
+
+/*const contactInfo = ["Cynde [email protected]", "Saundra [email protected]", "Lambert [email protected]",
+"Modestine [email protected]", "Chick [email protected]", "Jakob [email protected]", "Robbi [email protected]",
+"Colline [email protected]", "Michail [email protected]", "Hube [email protected]"];
+console.log(contactInfo);*/
+
+/* Request 3: Find out how many universities have the string "Uni" included in their name. Create a new array called unisWithUni that contains them all. This will be an array of objects. Log the result. */
+
+var unisWithUni = [];
+unisWithUni.push(graduates[graduates.length -1].university, graduates[graduates.length - 2].university);
+console.log(unisWithUni);
+
+// ==== ADVANCED Array Methods ====
+
+// Given this zoo data from around the United States, follow the instructions below.  Use the specific array methods in the requests below to solve the problems.
+
+const zooAnimals = [
+  { animal_name: "Jackal, asiatic", population: 5, scientific_name: "Canis aureus", state: "Kentucky" },
+  { animal_name: "Screamer, southern", population: 1, scientific_name: "Chauna torquata", state: "Alabama" },
+  { animal_name: "White spoonbill", population: 8, scientific_name: "Platalea leucordia", state: "Georgia" },
+  { animal_name: "White-cheeked pintail", population: 1, scientific_name: "Anas bahamensis", state: "Oregon" },
+  { animal_name: "Black-backed jackal", population: 2, scientific_name: "Canis mesomelas", state: "Washington" },
+  { animal_name: "Brolga crane", population: 9, scientific_name: "Grus rubicundus", state: "New Mexico" },
+  { animal_name: "Common melba finch", population: 5, scientific_name: "Pytilia melba", state: "Pennsylvania" },
+  { animal_name: "Pampa gray fox", population: 10, scientific_name: "Pseudalopex gymnocercus", state: "Connecticut" },
+  { animal_name: "Hawk-eagle, crowned", population: 10, scientific_name: "Spizaetus coronatus", state: "Florida" },
+  { animal_name: "Australian pelican", population: 5, scientific_name: "Pelecanus conspicillatus", state: "West Virginia" },
+];
+
+/* Request 1: .forEach()
+
+The zoos want to display both the scientific name and the animal name in front of the habitats. Populate the displayNames array with only the animal_name and scientific_name of each animal. displayNames will be an array of strings, and each string should follow this pattern: "Name: Jackal, asiatic, Scientific: Canis aureus."
+
+*/
+
+var displayNames = [];
+zooAnimals.forEach(function(displayNames) {
+    var index = 0, totalIndex = 10;
+            if(zooAnimals[index] < zooAnimals[totalIndex]) {  
+                var element = displayNames.push(zooAnimals.animal_name, zooAnimals.scientific_name);
+                zooAnimals[index] = zooAnimals[index + 1];
+                return element;
+            }
+            else{
+                index++;
+            }
+    }
+);
+console.log(displayNames);
+
+/* Request 2: .map()
+
+The zoos need a list of all their animal's names (animal_name only) converted to lower case. Using map, create a new array of strings named lowCaseAnimalNames, each string following this pattern: "jackal, asiatic". Log the result.
+
+*/
+
+var lowCaseAnimalNames = [];
+zooAnimals.map(function(lowCaseAnimalNames){
+    for(var index = 0; index < zooAnimals.length; index++)
+        if(zooAnimals[index] < zooAnimals[zooAnimals.length]){
+        lowCaseAnimalNames.push(zooAnimals.animal_name);
+        lowCaseAnimalNames.toLowerCase(zooAnimals.animal_name); 
+    }
+        else{
+            index++;
+    }
+  });
+console.log(lowCaseAnimalNames);
+
+/* Request 3: .filter() 
+
+The zoos are concerned about animals with a lower population count. Using filter, create a new array of objects called lowPopulationAnimals which contains only the animals with a population less than 5.
+
+*/
+var lowPopulationAnimals = [];
+zooAnimals.filter(function(lowPopulationAnimals){
+    function checkPopulation(zooAnimals){
+        var lowPopulation = 5;
+        for(var index = 0; index < zooAnimals.length; index++){
+          if(zooAnimals[index] < zooAnimals[zooAnimals.length]){
+            if(lowPopulation > zooAnimals.population) {
+            lowPopulationAnimals.push(zooAnimals[index].population);
+            return lowPopulationAnimals;
+          }
+        }
+          else{
+            index++;
+          }
+        }}
+      })
+console.log(lowPopulationAnimals);
+
+/* Request 4: .reduce(); 
+The zoos need to know their total animal population across the United States. Find the total population from all the zoos using the .reduce() method. Remember the reduce method takes two arguments: a callback (which itself takes two args), and an initial value for the count.
+*/
+
+var populationTotal = 0;
+var animalPopulation = zooAnimals.reduce(function(callback, currentvalue, initialvalue)
+{
+    for(initialvalue = 0; initialvalue < zooAnimals.length; index++){
+      if(currentvalue === zooAnimals[initialvalue].population){
+        if(currentvalue <= zooAnimals[zooAnimals.length].population){
+          populationTotal += currentvalue;
+          initialvalue++;
+        }
+        else{
+          currentvalue += zooAnimals[initialvalue].population;
+          initialvalue++;
+        }
+      }
+      else{
+        currentvalue += zooAnimals[initialvalue].population;
+      }
+    }
+});
+
+console.log(populationTotal);
+console.log(callback(populationTotal, 10));
+/*
+Stretch: If you haven't already, convert your array method callbacks into arrow functions.
+*/
diff --git a/prototypes.js b/prototypes.js
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/* ===== Prototype Practice ===== */
+
+// Task: You are to build a cuboid maker that can return values for a cuboid's volume or surface area. Cuboids are similar to cubes but do not have even sides. Follow the steps in order to accomplish this challenge.
+
+/* == Step 1: Base Constructor ==
+  Create a constructor function named CuboidMaker that accepts properties for length, width, and height
+*/
+ function cuboidMaker() {
+        this.length = length; 
+        this.width = width;
+        this.height = height;
+}
+
+/* == Step 2: Volume Method ==
+  Create a method using CuboidMaker's prototype that returns the volume of a given cuboid's length, width, and height
+
+  Formula for cuboid volume: length * width * height
+*/
+cuboidMaker.prototype = this.volume = function() {
+  return this.length * this.width * this.height;
+}
+
+/* == Step 3: Surface Area Method ==
+  Create another method using CuboidMaker's prototype that returns the surface area of a given cuboid's length, width, and height. 
+
+  Formula for cuboid surface area of a cube: 2 * (length * width + length * height + width * height)
+*/
+
+cuboidMaker.prototype = this.surfaceArea = function() {
+  return ((2 * (this.length * this.width + this.length * this.height + this.width * this.height)));
+}
+
+/* == Step 4: Create a new object that uses CuboidMaker ==
+  Create a cuboid object that uses the new keyword to use our CuboidMaker constructor
+  Add properties and values of length: 4, width: 5, and height: 5 to cuboid.   
+*/
+
+// Test your volume and surfaceArea methods by uncommenting the logs below:
+console.log(cuboidMaker.volume); // 100
+console.log(cuboidMaker.surfaceArea); // 130
+
+var cuboidMaker = {
+    length: 4,
+    width: 5,
+    height: 5,
+}