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/*
* Copyright (C) 2007 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package android.net;
import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;
import android.util.Log;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.AbstractList;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.RandomAccess;
import java.util.Set;
/**
* Immutable URI reference. A URI reference includes a URI and a fragment, the
* component of the URI following a '#'. Builds and parses URI references
* which conform to
* <a href="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2396.html">RFC 2396</a>.
*
* <p>In the interest of performance, this class performs little to no
* validation. Behavior is undefined for invalid input. This class is very
* forgiving--in the face of invalid input, it will return garbage
* rather than throw an exception unless otherwise specified.
*/
public abstract class Uri implements Parcelable, Comparable<Uri> {
/*
This class aims to do as little up front work as possible. To accomplish
that, we vary the implementation depending on what the user passes in.
For example, we have one implementation if the user passes in a
URI string (StringUri) and another if the user passes in the
individual components (OpaqueUri).
*Concurrency notes*: Like any truly immutable object, this class is safe
for concurrent use. This class uses a caching pattern in some places where
it doesn't use volatile or synchronized. This is safe to do with ints
because getting or setting an int is atomic. It's safe to do with a String
because the internal fields are final and the memory model guarantees other
threads won't see a partially initialized instance. We are not guaranteed
that some threads will immediately see changes from other threads on
certain platforms, but we don't mind if those threads reconstruct the
cached result. As a result, we get thread safe caching with no concurrency
overhead, which means the most common case, access from a single thread,
is as fast as possible.
From the Java Language spec.:
"17.5 Final Field Semantics
... when the object is seen by another thread, that thread will always
see the correctly constructed version of that object's final fields.
It will also see versions of any object or array referenced by
those final fields that are at least as up-to-date as the final fields
are."
In that same vein, all non-transient fields within Uri
implementations should be final and immutable so as to ensure true
immutability for clients even when they don't use proper concurrency
control.
For reference, from RFC 2396:
"4.3. Parsing a URI Reference
A URI reference is typically parsed according to the four main
components and fragment identifier in order to determine what
components are present and whether the reference is relative or
absolute. The individual components are then parsed for their
subparts and, if not opaque, to verify their validity.
Although the BNF defines what is allowed in each component, it is
ambiguous in terms of differentiating between an authority component
and a path component that begins with two slash characters. The
greedy algorithm is used for disambiguation: the left-most matching
rule soaks up as much of the URI reference string as it is capable of
matching. In other words, the authority component wins."
The "four main components" of a hierarchical URI consist of
<scheme>://<authority><path>?<query>
*/
/** Log tag. */
private static final String LOG = Uri.class.getSimpleName();
/**
* NOTE: EMPTY accesses this field during its own initialization, so this
* field *must* be initialized first, or else EMPTY will see a null value!
*
* Placeholder for strings which haven't been cached. This enables us
* to cache null. We intentionally create a new String instance so we can
* compare its identity and there is no chance we will confuse it with
* user data.
*/
@SuppressWarnings("RedundantStringConstructorCall")
private static final String NOT_CACHED = new String("NOT CACHED");
/**
* The empty URI, equivalent to "".
*/
public static final Uri EMPTY = new HierarchicalUri(null, Part.NULL,
PathPart.EMPTY, Part.NULL, Part.NULL);
/**
* Prevents external subclassing.
*/
private Uri() {}
/**
* Returns true if this URI is hierarchical like "http://google.com".
* Absolute URIs are hierarchical if the scheme-specific part starts with
* a '/'. Relative URIs are always hierarchical.
*/
public abstract boolean isHierarchical();
/**
* Returns true if this URI is opaque like "mailto:[email protected]". The
* scheme-specific part of an opaque URI cannot start with a '/'.
*/
public boolean isOpaque() {
return !isHierarchical();
}
/**
* Returns true if this URI is relative, i.e. if it doesn't contain an
* explicit scheme.
*
* @return true if this URI is relative, false if it's absolute
*/
public abstract boolean isRelative();
/**
* Returns true if this URI is absolute, i.e. if it contains an
* explicit scheme.
*
* @return true if this URI is absolute, false if it's relative
*/
public boolean isAbsolute() {
return !isRelative();
}
/**
* Gets the scheme of this URI. Example: "http"
*
* @return the scheme or null if this is a relative URI
*/
public abstract String getScheme();
/**
* Gets the scheme-specific part of this URI, i.e. everything between the
* scheme separator ':' and the fragment separator '#'. If this is a
* relative URI, this method returns the entire URI. Decodes escaped octets.
*
* <p>Example: "//www.google.com/search?q=android"
*
* @return the decoded scheme-specific-part
*/
public abstract String getSchemeSpecificPart();
/**
* Gets the scheme-specific part of this URI, i.e. everything between the
* scheme separator ':' and the fragment separator '#'. If this is a
* relative URI, this method returns the entire URI. Leaves escaped octets
* intact.
*
* <p>Example: "//www.google.com/search?q=android"
*
* @return the decoded scheme-specific-part
*/
public abstract String getEncodedSchemeSpecificPart();
/**
* Gets the decoded authority part of this URI. For
* server addresses, the authority is structured as follows:
* {@code [ userinfo '@' ] host [ ':' port ]}
*
* <p>Examples: "google.com", "[email protected]:80"
*
* @return the authority for this URI or null if not present
*/
public abstract String getAuthority();
/**
* Gets the encoded authority part of this URI. For
* server addresses, the authority is structured as follows:
* {@code [ userinfo '@' ] host [ ':' port ]}
*
* <p>Examples: "google.com", "[email protected]:80"
*
* @return the authority for this URI or null if not present
*/
public abstract String getEncodedAuthority();
/**
* Gets the decoded user information from the authority.
* For example, if the authority is "[email protected]", this method will
* return "nobody".
*
* @return the user info for this URI or null if not present
*/
public abstract String getUserInfo();
/**
* Gets the encoded user information from the authority.
* For example, if the authority is "[email protected]", this method will
* return "nobody".
*
* @return the user info for this URI or null if not present
*/
public abstract String getEncodedUserInfo();
/**
* Gets the encoded host from the authority for this URI. For example,
* if the authority is "[email protected]", this method will return
* "google.com".
*
* @return the host for this URI or null if not present
*/
public abstract String getHost();
/**
* Gets the port from the authority for this URI. For example,
* if the authority is "google.com:80", this method will return 80.
*
* @return the port for this URI or -1 if invalid or not present
*/
public abstract int getPort();
/**
* Gets the decoded path.
*
* @return the decoded path, or null if this is not a hierarchical URI
* (like "mailto:[email protected]") or the URI is invalid
*/
public abstract String getPath();
/**
* Gets the encoded path.
*
* @return the encoded path, or null if this is not a hierarchical URI
* (like "mailto:[email protected]") or the URI is invalid
*/
public abstract String getEncodedPath();
/**
* Gets the decoded query component from this URI. The query comes after
* the query separator ('?') and before the fragment separator ('#'). This
* method would return "q=android" for
* "http://www.google.com/search?q=android".
*
* @return the decoded query or null if there isn't one
*/
public abstract String getQuery();
/**
* Gets the encoded query component from this URI. The query comes after
* the query separator ('?') and before the fragment separator ('#'). This
* method would return "q=android" for
* "http://www.google.com/search?q=android".
*
* @return the encoded query or null if there isn't one
*/
public abstract String getEncodedQuery();
/**
* Gets the decoded fragment part of this URI, everything after the '#'.
*
* @return the decoded fragment or null if there isn't one
*/
public abstract String getFragment();
/**
* Gets the encoded fragment part of this URI, everything after the '#'.
*
* @return the encoded fragment or null if there isn't one
*/
public abstract String getEncodedFragment();
/**
* Gets the decoded path segments.
*
* @return decoded path segments, each without a leading or trailing '/'
*/
public abstract List<String> getPathSegments();
/**
* Gets the decoded last segment in the path.
*
* @return the decoded last segment or null if the path is empty
*/
public abstract String getLastPathSegment();
/**
* Compares this Uri to another object for equality. Returns true if the
* encoded string representations of this Uri and the given Uri are
* equal. Case counts. Paths are not normalized. If one Uri specifies a
* default port explicitly and the other leaves it implicit, they will not
* be considered equal.
*/
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (!(o instanceof Uri)) {
return false;
}
Uri other = (Uri) o;
return toString().equals(other.toString());
}
/**
* Hashes the encoded string represention of this Uri consistently with
* {@link #equals(Object)}.
*/
public int hashCode() {
return toString().hashCode();
}
/**
* Compares the string representation of this Uri with that of
* another.
*/
public int compareTo(Uri other) {
return toString().compareTo(other.toString());
}
/**
* Returns the encoded string representation of this URI.
* Example: "http://google.com/"
*/
public abstract String toString();
/**
* Return a string representation of the URI that is safe to print
* to logs and other places where PII should be avoided.
* @hide
*/
public String toSafeString() {
String scheme = getScheme();
String ssp = getSchemeSpecificPart();
if (scheme != null) {
if (scheme.equalsIgnoreCase("tel") || scheme.equalsIgnoreCase("sip")
|| scheme.equalsIgnoreCase("sms") || scheme.equalsIgnoreCase("smsto")
|| scheme.equalsIgnoreCase("mailto")) {
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(64);
builder.append(scheme);
builder.append(':');
if (ssp != null) {
for (int i=0; i<ssp.length(); i++) {
char c = ssp.charAt(i);
if (c == '-' || c == '@' || c == '.') {
builder.append(c);
} else {
builder.append('x');
}
}
}
return builder.toString();
}
}
// Not a sensitive scheme, but let's still be conservative about
// the data we include -- only the ssp, not the query params or
// fragment, because those can often have sensitive info.
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(64);
if (scheme != null) {
builder.append(scheme);
builder.append(':');
}
if (ssp != null) {
builder.append(ssp);
}
return builder.toString();
}
/**
* Constructs a new builder, copying the attributes from this Uri.
*/
public abstract Builder buildUpon();
/** Index of a component which was not found. */
private final static int NOT_FOUND = -1;
/** Placeholder value for an index which hasn't been calculated yet. */
private final static int NOT_CALCULATED = -2;
/**
* Error message presented when a user tries to treat an opaque URI as
* hierarchical.
*/
private static final String NOT_HIERARCHICAL
= "This isn't a hierarchical URI.";
/** Default encoding. */
private static final String DEFAULT_ENCODING = "UTF-8";
/**
* Creates a Uri which parses the given encoded URI string.
*
* @param uriString an RFC 2396-compliant, encoded URI
* @throws NullPointerException if uriString is null
* @return Uri for this given uri string
*/
public static Uri parse(String uriString) {
return new StringUri(uriString);
}
/**
* Creates a Uri from a file. The URI has the form
* "file://<absolute path>". Encodes path characters with the exception of
* '/'.
*
* <p>Example: "file:///tmp/android.txt"
*
* @throws NullPointerException if file is null
* @return a Uri for the given file
*/
public static Uri fromFile(File file) {
if (file == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("file");
}
PathPart path = PathPart.fromDecoded(file.getAbsolutePath());
return new HierarchicalUri(
"file", Part.EMPTY, path, Part.NULL, Part.NULL);
}
/**
* An implementation which wraps a String URI. This URI can be opaque or
* hierarchical, but we extend AbstractHierarchicalUri in case we need
* the hierarchical functionality.
*/
private static class StringUri extends AbstractHierarchicalUri {
/** Used in parcelling. */
static final int TYPE_ID = 1;
/** URI string representation. */
private final String uriString;
private StringUri(String uriString) {
if (uriString == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("uriString");
}
this.uriString = uriString;
}
static Uri readFrom(Parcel parcel) {
return new StringUri(parcel.readString());
}
public int describeContents() {
return 0;
}
public void writeToParcel(Parcel parcel, int flags) {
parcel.writeInt(TYPE_ID);
parcel.writeString(uriString);
}
/** Cached scheme separator index. */
private volatile int cachedSsi = NOT_CALCULATED;
/** Finds the first ':'. Returns -1 if none found. */
private int findSchemeSeparator() {
return cachedSsi == NOT_CALCULATED
? cachedSsi = uriString.indexOf(':')
: cachedSsi;
}
/** Cached fragment separator index. */
private volatile int cachedFsi = NOT_CALCULATED;
/** Finds the first '#'. Returns -1 if none found. */
private int findFragmentSeparator() {
return cachedFsi == NOT_CALCULATED
? cachedFsi = uriString.indexOf('#', findSchemeSeparator())
: cachedFsi;
}
public boolean isHierarchical() {
int ssi = findSchemeSeparator();
if (ssi == NOT_FOUND) {
// All relative URIs are hierarchical.
return true;
}
if (uriString.length() == ssi + 1) {
// No ssp.
return false;
}
// If the ssp starts with a '/', this is hierarchical.
return uriString.charAt(ssi + 1) == '/';
}
public boolean isRelative() {
// Note: We return true if the index is 0
return findSchemeSeparator() == NOT_FOUND;
}
private volatile String scheme = NOT_CACHED;
public String getScheme() {
@SuppressWarnings("StringEquality")
boolean cached = (scheme != NOT_CACHED);
return cached ? scheme : (scheme = parseScheme());
}
private String parseScheme() {
int ssi = findSchemeSeparator();
return ssi == NOT_FOUND ? null : uriString.substring(0, ssi);
}
private Part ssp;
private Part getSsp() {
return ssp == null ? ssp = Part.fromEncoded(parseSsp()) : ssp;
}
public String getEncodedSchemeSpecificPart() {
return getSsp().getEncoded();
}
public String getSchemeSpecificPart() {
return getSsp().getDecoded();
}
private String parseSsp() {
int ssi = findSchemeSeparator();
int fsi = findFragmentSeparator();
// Return everything between ssi and fsi.
return fsi == NOT_FOUND
? uriString.substring(ssi + 1)
: uriString.substring(ssi + 1, fsi);
}
private Part authority;
private Part getAuthorityPart() {
if (authority == null) {
String encodedAuthority
= parseAuthority(this.uriString, findSchemeSeparator());
return authority = Part.fromEncoded(encodedAuthority);
}
return authority;
}
public String getEncodedAuthority() {
return getAuthorityPart().getEncoded();
}
public String getAuthority() {
return getAuthorityPart().getDecoded();
}
private PathPart path;
private PathPart getPathPart() {
return path == null
? path = PathPart.fromEncoded(parsePath())
: path;
}
public String getPath() {
return getPathPart().getDecoded();
}
public String getEncodedPath() {
return getPathPart().getEncoded();
}
public List<String> getPathSegments() {
return getPathPart().getPathSegments();
}
private String parsePath() {
String uriString = this.uriString;
int ssi = findSchemeSeparator();
// If the URI is absolute.
if (ssi > -1) {
// Is there anything after the ':'?
boolean schemeOnly = ssi + 1 == uriString.length();
if (schemeOnly) {
// Opaque URI.
return null;
}
// A '/' after the ':' means this is hierarchical.
if (uriString.charAt(ssi + 1) != '/') {
// Opaque URI.
return null;
}
} else {
// All relative URIs are hierarchical.
}
return parsePath(uriString, ssi);
}
private Part query;
private Part getQueryPart() {
return query == null
? query = Part.fromEncoded(parseQuery()) : query;
}
public String getEncodedQuery() {
return getQueryPart().getEncoded();
}
private String parseQuery() {
// It doesn't make sense to cache this index. We only ever
// calculate it once.
int qsi = uriString.indexOf('?', findSchemeSeparator());
if (qsi == NOT_FOUND) {
return null;
}
int fsi = findFragmentSeparator();
if (fsi == NOT_FOUND) {
return uriString.substring(qsi + 1);
}
if (fsi < qsi) {
// Invalid.
return null;
}
return uriString.substring(qsi + 1, fsi);
}
public String getQuery() {
return getQueryPart().getDecoded();
}
private Part fragment;
private Part getFragmentPart() {
return fragment == null
? fragment = Part.fromEncoded(parseFragment()) : fragment;
}
public String getEncodedFragment() {
return getFragmentPart().getEncoded();
}
private String parseFragment() {
int fsi = findFragmentSeparator();
return fsi == NOT_FOUND ? null : uriString.substring(fsi + 1);
}
public String getFragment() {
return getFragmentPart().getDecoded();
}
public String toString() {
return uriString;
}
/**
* Parses an authority out of the given URI string.
*
* @param uriString URI string
* @param ssi scheme separator index, -1 for a relative URI
*
* @return the authority or null if none is found
*/
static String parseAuthority(String uriString, int ssi) {
int length = uriString.length();
// If "//" follows the scheme separator, we have an authority.
if (length > ssi + 2
&& uriString.charAt(ssi + 1) == '/'
&& uriString.charAt(ssi + 2) == '/') {
// We have an authority.
// Look for the start of the path, query, or fragment, or the
// end of the string.
int end = ssi + 3;
LOOP: while (end < length) {
switch (uriString.charAt(end)) {
case '/': // Start of path
case '?': // Start of query
case '#': // Start of fragment
break LOOP;
}
end++;
}
return uriString.substring(ssi + 3, end);
} else {
return null;
}
}
/**
* Parses a path out of this given URI string.
*
* @param uriString URI string
* @param ssi scheme separator index, -1 for a relative URI
*
* @return the path
*/
static String parsePath(String uriString, int ssi) {
int length = uriString.length();
// Find start of path.
int pathStart;
if (length > ssi + 2
&& uriString.charAt(ssi + 1) == '/'
&& uriString.charAt(ssi + 2) == '/') {
// Skip over authority to path.
pathStart = ssi + 3;
LOOP: while (pathStart < length) {
switch (uriString.charAt(pathStart)) {
case '?': // Start of query
case '#': // Start of fragment
return ""; // Empty path.
case '/': // Start of path!
break LOOP;
}
pathStart++;
}
} else {
// Path starts immediately after scheme separator.
pathStart = ssi + 1;
}
// Find end of path.
int pathEnd = pathStart;
LOOP: while (pathEnd < length) {
switch (uriString.charAt(pathEnd)) {
case '?': // Start of query
case '#': // Start of fragment
break LOOP;
}
pathEnd++;
}
return uriString.substring(pathStart, pathEnd);
}
public Builder buildUpon() {
if (isHierarchical()) {
return new Builder()
.scheme(getScheme())
.authority(getAuthorityPart())
.path(getPathPart())
.query(getQueryPart())
.fragment(getFragmentPart());
} else {
return new Builder()
.scheme(getScheme())
.opaquePart(getSsp())
.fragment(getFragmentPart());
}
}
}
/**
* Creates an opaque Uri from the given components. Encodes the ssp
* which means this method cannot be used to create hierarchical URIs.
*
* @param scheme of the URI
* @param ssp scheme-specific-part, everything between the
* scheme separator (':') and the fragment separator ('#'), which will
* get encoded
* @param fragment fragment, everything after the '#', null if undefined,
* will get encoded
*
* @throws NullPointerException if scheme or ssp is null
* @return Uri composed of the given scheme, ssp, and fragment
*
* @see Builder if you don't want the ssp and fragment to be encoded
*/
public static Uri fromParts(String scheme, String ssp,
String fragment) {
if (scheme == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("scheme");
}
if (ssp == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("ssp");
}
return new OpaqueUri(scheme, Part.fromDecoded(ssp),
Part.fromDecoded(fragment));
}
/**
* Opaque URI.
*/
private static class OpaqueUri extends Uri {
/** Used in parcelling. */
static final int TYPE_ID = 2;
private final String scheme;
private final Part ssp;
private final Part fragment;
private OpaqueUri(String scheme, Part ssp, Part fragment) {
this.scheme = scheme;
this.ssp = ssp;
this.fragment = fragment == null ? Part.NULL : fragment;
}
static Uri readFrom(Parcel parcel) {
return new OpaqueUri(
parcel.readString(),
Part.readFrom(parcel),
Part.readFrom(parcel)
);
}
public int describeContents() {
return 0;
}
public void writeToParcel(Parcel parcel, int flags) {
parcel.writeInt(TYPE_ID);
parcel.writeString(scheme);
ssp.writeTo(parcel);
fragment.writeTo(parcel);
}
public boolean isHierarchical() {
return false;
}
public boolean isRelative() {
return scheme == null;
}
public String getScheme() {
return this.scheme;
}
public String getEncodedSchemeSpecificPart() {
return ssp.getEncoded();
}
public String getSchemeSpecificPart() {
return ssp.getDecoded();
}
public String getAuthority() {
return null;
}
public String getEncodedAuthority() {
return null;
}
public String getPath() {
return null;
}
public String getEncodedPath() {
return null;
}
public String getQuery() {
return null;
}
public String getEncodedQuery() {
return null;
}
public String getFragment() {
return fragment.getDecoded();
}
public String getEncodedFragment() {
return fragment.getEncoded();
}
public List<String> getPathSegments() {
return Collections.emptyList();
}
public String getLastPathSegment() {
return null;
}
public String getUserInfo() {
return null;
}
public String getEncodedUserInfo() {
return null;
}
public String getHost() {
return null;
}
public int getPort() {
return -1;
}
private volatile String cachedString = NOT_CACHED;
public String toString() {
@SuppressWarnings("StringEquality")
boolean cached = cachedString != NOT_CACHED;
if (cached) {
return cachedString;
}
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(scheme).append(':');
sb.append(getEncodedSchemeSpecificPart());
if (!fragment.isEmpty()) {
sb.append('#').append(fragment.getEncoded());
}
return cachedString = sb.toString();
}
public Builder buildUpon() {
return new Builder()
.scheme(this.scheme)
.opaquePart(this.ssp)
.fragment(this.fragment);
}
}
/**
* Wrapper for path segment array.
*/
static class PathSegments extends AbstractList<String>
implements RandomAccess {
static final PathSegments EMPTY = new PathSegments(null, 0);
final String[] segments;
final int size;
PathSegments(String[] segments, int size) {
this.segments = segments;
this.size = size;
}
public String get(int index) {
if (index >= size) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
}
return segments[index];
}
public int size() {
return this.size;
}
}
/**
* Builds PathSegments.
*/
static class PathSegmentsBuilder {
String[] segments;
int size = 0;
void add(String segment) {
if (segments == null) {
segments = new String[4];
} else if (size + 1 == segments.length) {