Function template
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Description
Des modèles de conception permettent fonction générique qui fonctionnent sur différents types, sans la nécessité de réécrire plusieurs fois
Original:
Templates allow generic function design that work on various types, without the need of rewriting it multiple times
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Syntaxe
Déclaration
template < template_arguments > function_declaration
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(1) | ||||||||
export template < template_arguments > function_declaration
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(2) | (avant C++11) | |||||||
# Modèle de déclaration de fonction Erreur de référence : Balise fermante
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{{{2}}}
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# Exportés déclaration de fonction template. Le corps de la fonction peut être définie dans un fichier séparé Erreur de référence : Balise fermante
</ref> manquante pour la balise <ref>Original:
{{{2}}}
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Arguments
class identifier
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(1) | ||||||||
typename identifier
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(2) | ||||||||
| integral_type identifier | (3) | ||||||||
class identifier = type_name
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(4) | (depuis C++11) | |||||||
typename identifier = type_name
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(5) | (depuis C++11) | |||||||
integral_type identifier = const_expr
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(6) | (depuis C++11) | |||||||
1-2)
À l'intérieur de la fonction identifier peut être utilisé comme un type
Original:
Inside the function identifier can be used as a type
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3)
À l'intérieur de la fonction identifier peut être utilisé comme une constante
Original:
Inside the function identifier can be used as a constant
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4-6)
Les arguments par défaut
Original:
Default arguments
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Spécialisation
| This section is incomplete Reason: partial specialization |
template <> ret function_name < template_args > ( func_args ) body
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Spécialisation modifie la mise en œuvre de la fonction de modèle pour les paramètres des modèles spécifiques
Original:
Specialization changes the implementation of the template function for specific template parameters
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Appel
function_name < template_args > ( func_args )
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(1) | ||||||||
function_name ( unambiguous_func_args )
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(2) | ||||||||
Arguments template # explicites, si func_args ne correspondent pas parfaitement avec les types comme dans la déclaration de modèle (avec le template_args donné) la coulée d'habitude va se produire
Original:
# Explicit template arguments, if func_args don't match perfectly with the types as in the template declaration (with the given template_args) the usual casting will occur
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Arguments template # implicites, déduites des arguments de la fonction. Aucune ambiguïté ne peut être présent
Original:
# Implicit template arguments, deduced from the function arguments. No ambiguity can be present
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| This section is incomplete Reason: better explanation/example |
Exemple
| This section is incomplete |
template<typename T>
struct S {
template<typename U> void foo(){}
};
template<typename T>
void bar()
{
S<T>s;
s.foo<T>(); // error: < parsed as less than operator
s.template foo<T>(); // OK
}
Voir aussi
Notes
Original:
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