Function template
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Beschreibung
Vorlagen können generische Funktion Design, dass die Arbeit auf verschiedene Arten, ohne die Notwendigkeit von Umschreiben es mehrere Male
Original:
Templates allow generic function design that work on various types, without the need of rewriting it multiple times
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Syntax
Erklärung
template < template_arguments > function_declaration
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(1) | ||||||||
export template < template_arguments > function_declaration
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(2) | (bis C + +11) | |||||||
# Template Funktion Erklärung Referenzfehler: Für ein
<ref>-Tag fehlt ein schließendes </ref>-Tag.Original:
{{{2}}}
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# Exportierte Template-Funktion Erklärung. Die Funktion Körper kann in einer separaten Datei definiert werden Referenzfehler: Für ein
<ref>-Tag fehlt ein schließendes </ref>-Tag.Original:
{{{2}}}
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Argumente
class identifier
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(1) | ||||||||
typename identifier
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(2) | ||||||||
| integral_type identifier | (3) | ||||||||
class identifier = type_name
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(4) | (seit C++11) | |||||||
typename identifier = type_name
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(5) | (seit C++11) | |||||||
integral_type identifier = const_expr
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(6) | (seit C++11) | |||||||
1-2)
Innerhalb der Funktion identifier kann als eine Art verwendet werden
Original:
Inside the function identifier can be used as a type
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3)
Innerhalb der Funktion identifier kann als Konstante eingesetzt werden
Original:
Inside the function identifier can be used as a constant
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4-6)
Default-Argumente
Original:
Default arguments
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Spezialisierung
| This section is incomplete Reason: partial specialization |
template <> ret function_name < template_args > ( func_args ) body
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Spezialisierung ändert die Umsetzung der Template-Funktion für bestimmte Template-Parameter
Original:
Specialization changes the implementation of the template function for specific template parameters
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Rufen
function_name < template_args > ( func_args )
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(1) | ||||||||
function_name ( unambiguous_func_args )
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(2) | ||||||||
# Explizite Template-Argumente, wenn func_args nicht perfekt überein mit den Typen wie in der Vorlage Erklärung (mit dem angegebenen template_args) die übliche Casting auftreten
Original:
# Explicit template arguments, if func_args don't match perfectly with the types as in the template declaration (with the given template_args) the usual casting will occur
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# Implicit Template-Argumente, von den Funktionsargumente abgeleitet. Keine Mehrdeutigkeit vorhanden sein können
Original:
# Implicit template arguments, deduced from the function arguments. No ambiguity can be present
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| This section is incomplete Reason: better explanation/example |
Beispiel
| This section is incomplete |
template<typename T>
struct S {
template<typename U> void foo(){}
};
template<typename T>
void bar()
{
S<T>s;
s.foo<T>(); // error: < parsed as less than operator
s.template foo<T>(); // OK
}
Siehe auch
Notes
Original:
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