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std::ranges::minmax_element, std::ranges::minmax_element_result

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Algorithm library
Constrained algorithms and algorithms on ranges (C++20)
Constrained algorithms, e.g. ranges::copy, ranges::sort, ...
Non-modifying sequence operations    
Batch operations
(C++17)
Search operations
Modifying sequence operations
Copy operations
(C++11)
(C++11)
Swap operations
Transformation operations
Generation operations
Removing operations
Order-changing operations
(until C++17)(C++11)
(C++20)(C++20)
Sampling operations
(C++17)

Sorting and related operations
Partitioning operations
(C++11)    

Sorting operations
Binary search operations
(on partitioned ranges)
Set operations (on sorted ranges)
Merge operations (on sorted ranges)
Heap operations
Minimum/maximum operations
(C++11)
(C++17)
Lexicographical comparison operations
Permutation operations


 
Constrained algorithms
All names in this menu belong to namespace std::ranges
Non-modifying sequence operations
Fold operations (Helper templates)
Modifying sequence operations
Partitioning operations
Sorting operations
Binary search operations (on sorted ranges)
       
       
Set operations (on sorted ranges)
Heap operations
Minimum/maximum operations
       
       
Permutation operations
Specialized <memory> algorithms
Return types
 
Defined in header <algorithm>
Call signature
template< std::forward_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S,
          class Proj = std::identity,
          std::indirect_strict_weak_order
              <std::projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less >
constexpr ranges::minmax_element_result<I>
    minmax_element( I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {} );
(1) (since C++20)
template< ranges::forward_range R, class Proj = std::identity,
          std::indirect_strict_weak_order
              <std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R>,
                              Proj>> Comp = ranges::less >
constexpr ranges::minmax_element_result<ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<R>>
    minmax_element( R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {} );
(2) (since C++20)
template< /*execution-policy*/ Ep,
          std::random_access_iterator I, std::sized_sentinel_for<I> S,
          class Proj = std::identity,
          std::indirect_strict_weak_order
              <std::projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less >
ranges::minmax_element_result<I>
    minmax_element( Ep&& policy, I first, S last,
                    Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {} );
(3) (since C++26)
template< /*execution-policy*/ Ep, /*sized-random-access-range*/ R,
          class Proj = std::identity,
          std::indirect_strict_weak_order
              <std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R>,
                              Proj>> Comp = ranges::less >
ranges::minmax_element_result<ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<R>>
    minmax_element( Ep&& policy, R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {} );
(4) (since C++26)
Helper types
template< class I >
using minmax_element_result = ranges::min_max_result<I>;
(5) (since C++20)

For the definition of /*execution-policy*/, see this page; for the definition of /*sized-random-access-range*/, see this page.

1,2) Finds the smallest and greatest element (projected by proj) in the target range [first, last) or r, the projected values are compared using comp.
3,4) Same as (1,2), but executed according to policy.

The function-like entities described on this page are algorithm function objects (informally known as niebloids), that is:

Parameters

first, last - the iterator-sentinel pair defining the target range
r - the target range
comp - the comparator to be applied to the (projected) elements
proj - the projection to be applied to the elements
policy - the execution policy to use

Return value

A ranges::minmax_element_result object, where:

  • The data member min holds the iterator to the smallest element in the target range.
    • If there are multiple smallest values, min holds the iterator to the first one of them.
    • If the target range is empty, min holds last.
  • The data member max holds the iterator to the greatest element in the target range.
    • If there are multiple greatest values, max holds the iterator to the last one of them.
    • If the target range is empty, max holds last.

Complexity

Given N as ranges::distance(first, last) or ranges::distance(r):

1,2) Exactly max(⌊
3
2
(N-1)⌋,0)
applications of comp, and twice as many applications of proj.
3,4) 𝓞(N) applications of comp, and twice as many applications of proj.

Exceptions

3,4) During the execution process:
  • If the temporary memory resources required for parallelization are not available, std::bad_alloc is thrown.
  • If an uncaught exception is thrown while accessing objects via an algorithm argument, the behavior is determined by the execution policy (for standard policies, std::terminate is invoked).

Possible implementation

struct minmax_element_fn
{
    template<std::forward_iterator I, std::sentinel_for<I> S,
             class Proj = std::identity,
             std::indirect_strict_weak_order
                 <std::projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
    constexpr ranges::minmax_element_result<I>
        operator()(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {}) const
    {
        auto min = first, max = first;
        
        if (first == last || ++first == last)
            return {min, max};
        
        if (std::invoke(comp, std::invoke(proj, *first),
                              std::invoke(proj, *min)))
            min = first;
        else
            max = first;
        
        while (++first != last)
        {
            auto i = first;
            if (++first == last)
            {
                if (std::invoke(comp, std::invoke(proj, *i),
                                      std::invoke(proj, *min)))
                    min = i;
                else if (!(std::invoke(comp, std::invoke(proj, *i),
                                             std::invoke(proj, *max))))
                    max = i;
                break;
            }
            else
            {
                if (std::invoke(comp, std::invoke(proj, *first),
                                      std::invoke(proj, *i)))
                {
                  if (std::invoke(comp, std::invoke(proj, *first),
                                        std::invoke(proj, *min)))
                      min = first;
                  if (!(std::invoke(comp, std::invoke(proj, *i),
                                          std::invoke(proj, *max))))
                      max = i;
                }
                else
                {
                    if (std::invoke(comp, std::invoke(proj, *i),
                                          std::invoke(proj, *min)))
                        min = i;
                    if (!(std::invoke(comp, std::invoke(proj, *first),
                                            std::invoke(proj, *max))))
                        max = first;
                }
            }
        }
        return {min, max};
    }
    
    template<ranges::forward_range R, class Proj = std::identity,
             std::indirect_strict_weak_order
                 <std::projected<ranges::iterator_t<R>,
                                 Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
    constexpr ranges::minmax_element_result<ranges::borrowed_iterator_t<R>>
        operator()(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {}) const
    {
        return (*this)(ranges::begin(r),
                       ranges::next(ranges::begin(r), ranges::end(r)),
                       std::ref(comp), std::ref(proj));
    }
};

inline constexpr minmax_element_fn minmax_element;

Example

#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>

namespace ranges = std::ranges;
 
int main()
{
    const auto v = {3, 9, 1, 4, 1, 2, 5, 9};
    const auto [min, max] = ranges::minmax_element(v);
    std::cout
        << "min = " << *min << ", at [" << ranges::distance(v.begin(), min) << "]\n"
        << "max = " << *max << ", at [" << ranges::distance(v.begin(), max) << "]\n";
}

Output:

min = 1, at [2]
max = 9, at [7]

See also

returns the smallest and the largest elements in a range
(function template) [edit]
returns the smallest element in a range
(algorithm function object)[edit]
returns the largest element in a range
(algorithm function object)[edit]
returns the smaller and larger of two elements
(algorithm function object)[edit]